The following list creates a summary of the two major producers of different minerals (and coal, which is generally not considered a mineral).
Summary
Fossil fuels Fossil fuel Largest producer Second largest producer Complete list Coal List of countries by coal production Natural gas List of countries by natural gas production Petroleum List of countries by oil production
Nuclear fuel Nuclear fuel Largest producer Second largest producer Complete list Uranium Kazakhstan Canada List of countries by uranium production Thorium Occurrence of thorium
Gemstones Gem Largest producer Second largest producer Complete list FluoriteWorld Mineral Production 2009–2013. British Geological Survey. Retrieved 8 October 2015. List of countries by fluorite production Diamond List of countries by diamond production
Metals Metal Largest producer Second largest producer AluminiumAluminum. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 8 October 2015. BismuthBismuth. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 8 October 2015. CopperCopper. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 8 October 2015. ChromiumChromium. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 14 Sep 2020. GoldGold. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 8 October 2015. Iron ore LithiumLithium. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 8 October 2015. Magnesium ManganeseManganese. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 8 October 2015. MercuryMercury. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 28 December 2015. Nickel Niobium PalladiumPalladium. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 8 October 2015. PlatinumPlatinum. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 8 October 2015. SilverSilver. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 8 October 2015. TinTin. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 8 October 2015. TitaniumTitanium. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 8 October 2015. VanadiumVanadium. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 25 June 2021. ZincZinc, p. 2. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 18 October 2020.
Metals
Aluminium
This is a list of countries by primary aluminium production. Primary aluminium is produced from aluminium oxide which is obtained from bauxite and excludes recycled aluminium.
+List of countries by primary aluminium production in thousands of tonnes (2022–24)CountryPrimaryaluminiumAluminiumoxideBauxite Production ReservesWorld72,000142,000450,00029,000,000Other countries–1,5005,7005,300,00043,00084,00093,000680,0004,2007,60025,000650,0003,8002,9006,300480,0003,3001,500––2,7002,400––1,600–––1,50018,000100,0003,500,0001,300–––1,10011,00033,0002,700,000870–130–780–––7761,8005,800180,000718–––67072013.9–632–1,000–638–––576–14.6–410–118–400–––395–––341960––334–––260–––2591,4004,900280,0002241,30032,0002,800,000191–––1878601,200–120–––82.03203,20069,00071.9–––62.8–––62.0–––55.6–773–45.0–––43.2–442–37.8–700–33.5–––31.3–––19.2–––8.4––––1,600–––1,5006,1002,000,000–1,5004,2003,100,000–820–––300130,0007,400,000––974–––706–––104–––56.3–––48.0–––40.9–––17.8–
Copper
+List of countries by copper production in tonnes (2022–24)CountryProductionReservesTotalMineRefinerySmelterWorld70,769,39423,000,00027,000,00020,769,394980,000,000Other countries5,200,0002,700,0002,500,000–180,000,000 China24,190,0001,800,00012,000,00010,390,00041,000,000 Chile8,312,4005,300,0001,900,0001,112,400190,000,0005,964,4413,300,0002,500,000164,44180,000,000 Peru3,314,1362,600,000390,000324,136100,000,000 Russia2,874,500930,000960,000984,50080,000,0002,869,940–1,600,0001,269,940– United States2,370,5001,100,000890,000380,50047,000,000 Indonesia1,722,4641,100,000350,000272,46421,000,000 Australia1,650,300800,000460,000390,300100,000,0001,621,544680,000170,000771,54421,000,0001,560,724410,000590,000560,72498,000,000 Kazakhstan1,534,704740,000470,000324,70420,000,000 Mexico1,335,438700,000350,000285,43853,000,0001,310,005–620,000690,005–1,058,600450,000320,000288,6008,300,000994,000–630,000364,000–955,00330,000510,000395,0032,200,000874,211344,200300,011230,000–621,664128,764297,900195,000–606,00067,000229,000310,000–503,28359,500258,729185,054–466,13788,337217,800160,000–445,500148,500148,500148,500–426,166416,4309,736––377,500–377,500––366,253297,6538,60060,000–350,438350,438–––333,605115,000134,60084,005–258,663203,99824,66530,000–233,000118,000–115,000–180,85027,55318,094135,203–167,003–107,00060,003–120,000120,000–––75,00075,000–––74,70934,70920,00020,000–66,13266,132–––50,37043,7666,604––49,19449,194–––44,26944,269–––39,2662,036–37,230–36,950–18,47518,475–32,09832,098–––28,57116,346–12,225–28,00028,000–––17,09817,098–––14,000–14,000–17,100,00013,31313,313–––11,60011,600–––10,16810,168–––9,900–9,900––7,8007,800–––7,6937,093600––7,5007,500–––6,3646,364–––5,8995,899–––5,3605,360–––5,0083,6081,400––4,000–4,000––2,5162,516–––2,400–2,400––2,0002,000–––1,2061,206–––3030–0–
Gold
This is a list of countries by gold production in 2024. All production figures refer to primary mine production only (i.e., newly mined gold), excluding recycled gold. Until 2006, South Africa was the world's largest gold producer. In 2007, increasing production from other countries and declining production from South Africa meant that China became the largest producer, although no country has approached the scale of South Africa's period of peak production during the late 1960s and early 1970s. In 1970, South Africa produced 995 tonnes or 32 million ounces of gold, two-thirds of the world's production of 47.5 million ounces. +List of countries by gold production and reserves in tonnes (2024)CountryGold production% of totalReserves% of totalWorld3,300100.064,000100.0Other countries78023.69,20014.4 China38011.53,1004.8 Russia3109.412,00018.8 Australia2908.812,00018.8 Canada2006.13,2005.0 United States1604.83,0004.7 Kazakhstan1303.92,3003.6 Mexico1,4002.2 Ghana1,0001.6 Uzbekistan1203.61,8002.8 South Africa1003.05,0007.8 Indonesia3,6005.6 Peru2,5003.9702.12,4003.88001.3601.87001.14000.6––
Iron
This is a list of countries by mined iron ore production in 2024 based on U.S. Geological Survey data. "Usable iron ore" figures refer to the processed ore product suitable for steelmaking, not the raw extracted material. As such, countries with lower-grade ores like China extensively beneficiate magnetite ores (typically <30% Fe) to produce market-grade material (~60% Fe), making their usable ore output appear comparable to high-grade producers like Australia or Brazil. However, the efficiency, cost, and environmental impact of such beneficiation vary significantly. +List of countries by iron ore production and reserves (2022–24)CountryProduction (thousand tonnes)Reserves (million tonnes)Usableiron orePigironIroncontentCrudeoreIroncontentWorld2,500,000≈ 1,366,0001,600,000200,00088,000Other countries≈ 13,450–37,00017,0008,500 Australia930,0003,700580,00058,00027,000 Brazil440,00025,700280,00034,00015,000 China270,000871,000170,00020,0006,900 India270,00086,300170,0005,5003,400 Russia91,00054,60053,00035,00014,000 Iran90,00036,40059,0003,8001,500 South Africa66,0002,60042,000930590 Japan–63,000––– Canada54,0007,30032,0006,0002,300 United States48,00020,60030,0003,6002,300 Ukraine42,000–26,0006,5002,300 Kazakhstan30,000–9,2002,500900 Sweden28,0002,90020,0001,300600 Peru21,000–14,0002,6001,500 Chile18,00058111,000–– Turkey18,0009,10011,00015099 Mauritania15,000–9,400–––13,400––––8,200––– Mexico8,0008,4285,000––7,660–––––6,700––––5,500–––5,000–––––4,779–––4,912800–––4,370––––4,000600––––4,000–––3,5003,000––––3,500––––3,494––––3,400–––2003,400–––3,2375,800––––3,089–––3,000150––––1,900–––1,84310,000–––1,80070––––1,800–––1,795–––––1,700––––1,600––––1,500––––1,500––––1,500–––1,286757––––1,100–––1,000277––––809–––7503,900–––617–––––500–––498213–––47023,600–––43445,200–––372––––304–– 120.0––260––––190––––103––––75.77––––50.00–––––40–––12.006,000–––5.00––––3.49––––0.98––––0.06––––0.01
Nickel +List of countries by nickel production in tonnesCountryProductionReservesYearMineSmelter /refinery World3,700,0003,200,000130,000,00020242,200,0001,225,09055,000,0002022/24330,000–4,800,0002024210,000143,0008,300,0002022/24190,000143,2662,200,0002022/24120,000850,0004,400,0002022/24110,00096,50024,000,0002022/24110,00066,2207,100,0002022/2477,00063,40016,000,0002022/2448,20018,000–202246,40041,816–202244,92191,466–202242,80013,700–202235,73735,737–202234,302––202229,22327,610–202229,03340,000–202224,500––202214,535––202213,753––202210,00010,000–2022–8,400–20228,000–310,0002024–7,400–20224,059––20221,7001,400–20221,574––2022–953–2022830––2022–700–2022387––202220081,898–2022200100–2022
Silver
+List of countries by silver production in tonnesCountryProductionReservesYearWorld25,790640,0002024Other countries56657,0002022/24 Mexico6,30037,0002024 China3,30070,0002024 Peru3,100140,0002024 Chile1,20026,0002024 Poland1,30061,0002024 Australia1,00094,0002024 Bolivia1,30022,0002024 Russia1,20092,0002024 United States1,10023,0002024 Kazakhstan1,000–2024 Argentina8006,5002024 India8008,0002024400–20243004,9002024299–2022218–2022200–202296.1–202387.5–202284.0–202280.0–202278.4–202273.4–202265.4–2022114–202356.2–202250.0–202250.0–202250.0–202249.9–202245.7–202238.0–202237.0–202236.4–202235.8–202231.2–202222.4–202221.6–202221.3–202220.0–202218.4–202218.0–202215.0–202213.6–202212.6–202212.0–202212.0–202211.0–20229.0–20227.3–20227.0–20225.0–20224.4–20223.9–20223.4–20223.0–20222.9–20222.8–20222.0–20221.5–20221.3–20221.3–20221.0–20221.0–20220.700–20220.481–20220.475–20220.354–20220.200–20220.029–2022
Tin * indicates "Natural resources of COUNTRY or TERRITORY" links. +List of countries by tin production in tonnesCountryProductionReservesYearMineSmelter 300,000389,0004,200,0002022/24Other countries1,800–310,0002024 69,000200,5001,000,0002022/24 50,00074,000–2022/24 34,000–700,0002024 31,00026,630130,0002022/24 29,00017,200420,0002022/24 25,000–120,0002024 21,00014,834400,0002022/24 9,900106620,0002022/24–8,200–2022 7,000––2024 6,7005,50023,0002022/24–4,275–2022–4,200–2022 3,600643–2022/24 3,00019,385–2022/24 3,0002,500460,0002022/24–1,551–2022 1,500––2024522––2022404––2022314––202299––2022849,526–202260––202246––202228––2022
Zinc +List of countries by zinc production in tonnesCountryProductionReservesYearMineSlabWorld12,000,00013,338,278230,000,0002022/24––25,000,00020244,000,0006,358,10046,000,0002022/241,300,000349,50020,000,0002022/241,100,000385,02964,000,0002022/24860,000683,9039,800,0002022/24750,000220,0009,200,0002022/24700,000337,02014,000,0002022/24–516,638–2022510,000––2024370,000266,3007,600,0002022/24310,000195,00029,000,0002022/24–260,000–2022240,000–3,900,0002024186,000––2022182,262––2022–181,139–2022–180,100–2022150,000233,700–2022150,000140,000–2022120,529––2022120,000–5,900,0002024116,533587,000–2022–110,900–2022–109,300–2022103,600––2022103,300––2022–96,100–202282,963505,000–202262,433294,122–202259,056––202252,000––202242,349––202242,00090,000–202240,500––202240,000––202235,000––202229,625––202228,00015,000–202225,000––202224,700––202224,092––202223,200––202220,000––202218,000––202214,00010,000–202213,76272,527–202213,578––202212,000––202211,400––202210,502––20229,038––20227,000––20226,500––20226,300161,900–20225,967––20225,718––20225,629––20225,485––20224,412––20223,959980,000–20223,893––2022900––2022400––202295––2022
See also Lists of mines List of countries by lithium production List of countries by palladium production Magnesium production by country Manganese production by country Titanium production by country References