Essig is a German surname meaning "vinegar". Notable people with the surname include:
Christian Essig (born 1986), German footballer David Essig (born 1945), Canadian singer-songwriter Edward Oliver Essig (1884–1964), American entomologist George Emerick Essig (1838–1923), American painter and etcher Marty Essig (born 1975), Canadian sailor
See also Essig, Minnesota, unincorporated community in Brown County, Minnesota, United States Essig (Swisttal), a village in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany