The South African Railways Class 31-000 of 1958 is a diesel-electric locomotive series.
In June and July 1958, the South African Railways placed forty-five Class General Electric type U12B diesel-electric locomotives in service. They were later reclassified to Class and renumbered.South African Railways Index and Diagrams Electric and Diesel Locomotives, 610 mm and 1065 mm Gauges, Ref LXD 14/1/100/20, 28 January 1975, as amended
Manufacturer The South African Class 31-000 type GE U12B diesel-electric locomotive was designed for the South African Railways (SAR) and built by General Electric in 1958. They were the first diesel-electric road locomotives to enter SAR service in quantity.
Reclassification and renumbering Upon delivery, they were designated Class 1-DE and numbered in the range from D700 to D744 in the non-steam locomotive number range which had hitherto been used almost exclusively for electric locomotives, the exceptions being the pre-war experimental Class DS and Class DS1 diesel-electric locomotives. After the SAR adopted a new classification and numbering system for diesel-powered locomotives upon the arrival of the Class 32-000 in 1959, they were reclassified to Class and renumbered in the range from to .
Orientation The Class 31-000 was a high short hood locomotive. While the short hood end was usually considered as the front end, the cab was equipped with dual station controls to make it fully bidirectional.
Service They were placed in service at Germiston. One of their first duties was to take over the shunt duties at Milner Park from where complaints had been received from the tennis players at the club about the cinders being deposited on the all-weather courts. When originally ordered, it had been the intention to use them on shunting and block-load transfers on the Reef and as part of the program to eliminate steam traction from the new Johannesburg station, but their success in this service prompted a change in utilisation policy. In 1959 they were placed in mainline service working out of Johannesburg to Kroonstad and Bloemfontein in the Free State and to Volksrust on the mainline to Natal. They were very successful on mainline work and showed their ability to handle anything from goods workings to fast passenger trains like the Trans-Natal. They usually worked in pairs and longer lash-ups of up to four units were rarely seen.
The Class 31-000 had a huge impact on SAR motive power. In terms of speed and acceleration, they were superb and it didn't take long for the diesels to become a common sight on mainline working. Their unqualified success played a large part in the eventual demise of SAR steam traction.
By 1969 they were also used in goods working on the line from Krugersdorp via Magaliesburg and Swartruggens to Zeerust. By the 1980s they were finally relegated to the shunting and pickup service that they were originally intended for when new, working on the Reef and at some other major centres.
Withdrawal Of the original forty-five locomotives, forty survived into the Spoornet era in the 1990s. Now retired from Spoornet service, some still see service in private hands. Three of them, numbers 31-001 (D700), 31-005 (D704) and 31-038 (D737), were acquired by Sheltam for use at Rand Uranium near Randfontein and at Welkom. The first two were converted to low short hood locomotives and were still in service in 2014, while the third was used for spare parts.
Another private rail operator, RRL Grindrod, owns no. 31-009 (D708) as its no. , which was still employed at Welkom in 2014.
Preservation As of 2015, no. D706 (31-007) has been staged at Bloemfontein Locomotive Depot where a Locomotive Museum is being created to restore it and some other historically significant units, while no. D727 (31-028) is preserved at Bellville Loco Depot.
Liveries The locomotives were delivered in a livery that displayed the colours of the South African flag, white on the upper half and blue on the lower half, separated by an orange stripe on the sides and orange whiskers on the ends. They had black running boards, red buffer beams and black cowcatchers. From 1960 this livery gradually began to be replaced by Gulf Red with yellow stripes.
Works numbers The Class 31-000 builder's works numbers, renumbering and known disposition are listed in the table. +Class 31-000, GE type U12B1-DE no.GEworks no.31-000no.Post-SARownerPost-SARno.Sheltamnew no.D700 33507 31-001Sheltam22 1202 D701 33508 31-002D702 33509 31-003D703 33510 31-004D704 33511 31-005Sheltam21 1201 D705 33512 31-006D706 33513 31-007StagedD707 33514 31-008D708 33515 31-009RRLRB-201D709 33516 31-010D710 33517 31-011D711 33518 31-012D712 33519 31-013D713 33520 31-014D714 33521 31-015D715 33522 31-016D716 33523 31-017D717 33524 31-018D718 33525 31-019D719 33526 31-020D720 33527 31-021D721 33528 31-022D722 33529 31-023D723 33530 31-024D724 33531 31-025D725 33532 31-026D726 33533 31-027D727 33534 31-028StagedD728 33535 31-029D729 33536 31-030D730 33537 31-031D731 33538 31-032D732 33539 31-033D733 33540 31-034D734 33541 31-035D735 33542 31-036D736 33543 31-037D737 33544 31-038Sheltam23 2103 D738 33545 31-039D739 33546 31-040D740 33547 31-041D741 33548 31-042D742 33549 31-043D743 33550 31-044D744 33551 31-045
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