According to the modern Russian Criminal Code, only intentional killing of another human is considered as a murder (Russian убийство transliteration ubiystvo). The following types of murder are defined: Murder per se (article 105 of Criminal Code): common corpus delicti (with no aggravating circumstances listed below). Punished with a sentence between 6 and 15 years qualified corpus delicti. Punished with a sentence between 8 and 20 years, life sentence, or death penalty. Aggravating circumstances: a) against two or more people; b) against person on public duty or their relatives; c) killing of hostage, kidnapped or helpless person; d) killing of pregnant; e) committed with particular cruelty; f) committed in a generally dangerous way; g) motivated by a blood feud (vendetta); h) committed by a group of persons, a group of persons under a preliminary conspiracy, or an organized group; i) for a profit, including contract killing, or connected with a robbery, extort or banditry; j) with a rowdy motive; k) to cover or secure another crime; l) connected with a rape or sexual assault; m) hate crime; n) with the aim to use organs or tissues of victim. Privileged types of murder: Of newborn child by mother (article 106 of Criminal Code), punished with a sentence up to 5 years. In affected state (art. 107), up to 3 years (up to 5 years for multiple killing). Exceeding reasonable level of self-defense (art. 108), up to 2 years.
There are some other articles of criminal code, that provide special punishment for crimes connected with intentional kills: seizure of hostages; terrorism; sabotage; - punished with a sentence between 15 and 20 years, or life. genocide; encroachment on person on public or government duty; encroachment on law officer or soldier; encroachment on person administering justice or engaged in a preliminary investigation. - punished with a sentence between 12 and 20 years or life sentence.
Separately considered actions that cause unpremeditated death of another person: accident killing (art. 108, punished with a limitation of freedom or imprisonment up to 5 years — depends on circumstances); death in a traffic accident (art. 263–264, punished with an imprisonment up to 9 years if aggravating circumstances such as alcohol or drugs intoxication or multiply victims exist, also provided disqualification from driving)
Assault that has no purpose to kill, but causes a death of victim, formally is not considered as a murder, but punishment for it almost not distinguished from common murder (art. 111 part 4 provides punishment with a sentence for up to 15 years, so only lower limit of punishment slightly easier).
Article 110 of the criminal code also provides punishment for driving a person to suicide (by blackmail, threats or cruelty).
See also List of murder laws by country
References