The following events occurred in September 1910:
September 1, 1910 (Thursday) Pope Pius X promulgated the Sacrorum antistitum (Oath against Modernism) and directed that all Roman Catholic bishops, priests and teachers take an oath against the Modernist movement, which called for a departure from following traditional teachings of the Church. The requirement was mandatory until 1967."The Oath Against Modernism", Franciscan-Archive.org The Mormon Tabernacle Choir's music was recorded commercially for the first time. The choir's records and CDs have sold millions of copies since then.All Music Guide: The Definitive Guide to Popular Music (Backbeat Books, 2001) p610 Sport Club Corinthians Paulista, one of the most successful soccer football clubs in Brazil was founded in Tatuape, São Paulo.Clube-Historia, Corinthians official website (in Portuguese) Corinthians has won seven Brazilian national titles as well as two championships of the FIFA Club World Cup, in 2000 and 2012.
September 2, 1910 (Friday) The strike of 70,000 of New York's garment workers ended after nine weeks and an estimated $100,000,000 worth of losses secondary to the strike. The major concession won was that each manufacturer was required to have a union shop, and a guarantee of a 50-hour work week—9 hours a day for five days, followed by a 5-hour day."Cloak Strike Ends", Washington Post, September 3, 1910, p1 Blanche Stuart Scott (1889–1970) became the first American woman to make a solo flight in an airplane, taking off from Hammondsport, New York, after two days of instruction by Glenn Curtiss.EarlyAviators.com Died: Henri Rousseau, 66, French post-Impressionist painter
September 3, 1910 (Saturday) The boll weevil, an insect which had destroyed cotton crops since first entering the United States from Mexico, in 1892, was first detected in Alabama, where cotton production was, at the time, the main industry. The destruction of cotton farming forced farmers to diversify to other crops that, ultimately, were much more profitable—so much so that the citizens of Enterprise, Alabama, erected a monument to the pest in 1919."History of the Boll Weevil in Alabama, 1910–2007", Auburn University (December 2007) p4 Born: Maurice Papon, French government minister until 1981, later convicted of crimes against humanity; in Gretz-Armainvilliers (d. February 17, 2007) Kitty Carlisle (stage name for Catherine Conn), American actress and game show panelist; in New Orleans (d. April 17, 2007) Fránz Jachym, Austrian Roman Catholic bishop (d. 1984)
September 4, 1910 (Sunday) Two time-bombs, fashioned from an alarm clock, a detonator and nitroglycerine, exploded in a railroad yard and at a bridge in Peoria, Illinois. A third bomb, which had failed to explode, was discovered later. The explosions proved to be a test run for a deadly attack in Los Angeles at the headquarters of the Los Angeles Times.Howard Blum, American Lightning: Terror, Mystery, and the Birth of Hollywood (Three Rivers Press, 2008) p17
September 5, 1910 (Monday) Marie Curie announced to the French Academy of Sciences at the Sorbonne that she had found a process to isolate pure radium from its naturally occurring salt, radium chloride, making large scale production of the rare element feasible."Obtains Pure Radium", Washington Post, September 6, 1910, p1; "The Discovery of Pure Radium by Mme. Curie", by George E. Light, Popular Mechanics (November 1910) p637
September 6, 1910 (Tuesday) Voters in the New Mexico territory selected 68 Republicans and 32 Democrats as delegates for a convention to write a state constitution."Record of Current Events", The American Monthly Review of Reviews (October 1910), pp420–422 Nicaragua's new President, General Juan Jose Estrada, announced the release of political prisoners and the promise to pay government troops. The Tallis Fantasia, a classical piece by British composer Ralph Vaughan Williams, was first performed. Vaughan Williams had drawn inspiration from a melody by 16th century composer Thomas Tallis. The melodies continue to be popular in film scores, including The Passion of the Christ.David Dubal, The Essential Canon of Classical Music (North Point Press, 2001) p519 Died: Elías Fernández Albano, 65, who had become President of Chile three weeks earlier on the death of President Pedro Montt. Fernandez was succeeded by Emiliano Figueroa
September 7, 1910 (Wednesday) At The Hague, the International Court of Justice resolved the North Atlantic Fisheries Dispute, which had existed for more than 25 years between the United States on one side, and the United Kingdom, Canada and Newfoundland on the other.Iestyn Adams, Brothers Across the Ocean: British Foreign Policy and the Origins of the Anglo-American 'Special Relationship', 1900–1905 (St. Martin's Press, 2005) p228 Died: George W. Weymouth, 60, American businessman and former Congressman (R-Massachusetts), in an auto accident William Holman Hunt, 83, English painter Dr. Emily Blackwell, 83, second American woman to earn an M.D.
September 8, 1910 (Thursday) Manhattan and Long Island were linked by subway as the East River Tunnels opened at ten minutes after midnight. The city of Mirassol, Brazil, was incorporated as São Pedro da Mata Una. Three coal passers were killed in a steam accident aboard the battleship . Six other crewmembers would each receive the Medal of Honor for their heroism during the incident.
September 9, 1910 (Friday) The car ferry Pere Marquette No. 18 was midway across Lake Michigan when it suddenly began taking on water. Because the ferries had been equipped with wireless radio, operator Stephen F. Sczepanek was able to call Pere Marquette No. 17 for assistance. While the ship was being evacuated, it suddenly sank, taking with it 29 people, including Sczepanek and two passengers, but another 33 were saved."29 Drown In Lake", Washington Post, September 10, 1910, p1; "Remembering the Steamer Pere Marquette 18", CarFerries.com U.S. Treasury Secretary Franklin MacVeagh outlined a plan to first proposal cut the size of United States currency, from 3 in. by to by 6 inches. The size of American banknotes would not be changed until 1929, to the present size of 2.61 by 6.14 inches)"Would Cut Notes", Washington Post, September 10, 1910, p4
September 10, 1910 (Saturday) With his two-year-old corporation facing bankruptcy, General Motors Chairman William C. Durant met with financiers at the Chase Manhattan Bank in New York, seeking a loan (comparable to $300,000,000 in 2010) to keep the company afloat. The bankers were at first unwilling to lend. At , they listened to Wilfred Leland's account of the success of Cadillac, one of the GM component companies, and agreed to talk further. Ultimately, GM received the loan and avoided bankruptcy until June 1, 2009. Vincent Curcio, Chrysler: The Life and Times of an Automotive Genius (Oxford University Press, 2000) pp168–169
September 11, 1910 (Sunday) The largest oil strike, up to that time, in Mexico's history was realized at the Juan Casiano Basin near Tampico. A gusher erupted at Casiano No. 7 at Edward L. Doheny's Mexican Petroleum Company, producing 60,000 barrels per day, and was the beginning of a new era in which Mexico would become a major oil producer.John M. Hart, Empire and Revolution: The Americans in Mexico Since the Civil War (University of California Press, 2002) p156 Nicaragua's new President, Juan José Estrada, announced that promised elections would not take place for a year. A cave-in of the old Erie Railroad Tunnel in Jersey City, New Jersey, killed 11 workers and injured seven others."10 Killed in Tunnel", Washington Post, September 12, 1910, p1
September 12, 1910 (Monday) Physicist William David Coolidge discovered a method of creating ductile tungsten after four years of research at General Electric, making the fragile substance useful for light bulb filaments.Frederick Betz, Managing Technological Innovation: Competitive Advantage from Change (John Wiley, 2003) p226 Alice Stebbins Wells (1873–1957), first American policewoman in Los Angeles, and perhaps the United States, was sworn in as an LAPD officer. She was initially assigned to the Juvenile Probation unit and retired in 1945.p "The First Women Police Officer in the U.S" Women Police Officers Association of California Other sources point to Lola Greene Baldwin, who had been sworn in by the city of Portland, Oregon, "to perform police service", though not as an officer.Marilyn Corsianos, Policing and Gendered Justice: Examining the Possibilities By (University of Toronto Press, 2009) p5 Mahler's Symphony No. 8, often called Symphony of a Thousand because of the large number of performers required, was first presented. Composer Gustav Mahler himself conducted the first performance, in Munich.Symphony No. 8 in E-flat major, "Symphony of a Thousand", The Kennedy Center Fresno City College, the second oldest community college in the United States and the first in California, began its first classes."Centennial Celebration" Fresno City College website Our Lady of Victory College, located in Fort Worth, Texas, began its first classes, with 72 students, and continued operation for 47 years. In 1958, the junior college became part of the University of Dallas."Our Lady of Victory College", Handbook of Texas Online, tshaonline.org Born: Shep Fields (stage name for Saul Friedman), American big band musician, leader of Shep Fields and His Rippling Rhythm; in Brooklyn (d. 1981)
September 13, 1910 (Tuesday) Inayat Khan began travels as a missionary to spread the religion of Sufism to the Western world, sailing from Mumbai to Europe and North America. The International Sufi Movement marks Inayat Khan's mission as the beginning of the organization."The History of the Sufi Movement" , International Sufi Movement website The village of Lampman, Saskatchewan was incorporated.
September 14, 1910 (Wednesday) The Fourth District State Agricultural School, later Arkansas A & M, and now the University of Arkansas at Monticello, began instructing its first students.The Encyclopedia of Arkansas History & Culture Thorp Spring Christian College held its first classes. The college, located at Thorp Spring in Hood County, Texas, closed in 1929."Thorp Spring Christian College", Handbook of Texas Online Pablo Arosemena was chosen as the designado to the office of President of Panama, succeeding the late José Domingo de Obaldía."Panama", The New International Year Book 1911 (Dodd, Mead & Co. 1912) p533 Born: Jack Hawkins, English film actor, in Wood Green, Middlesex (d. 1973) Bernard Schriever, German-born American rocket scientist; in Bremen (d. 2005)
September 15, 1910 (Thursday) The first elections for the new parliament of the Union of South Africa were held, with the Nationalist Party obtaining 67 of the 121 seats. Woodrow Wilson, the President of Princeton University, was nominated for his first political office, as the convention of the Democratic Party of New Jersey selected him as its candidate for Governor of New Jersey. In 1912, Governor Wilson would be elected President of the United States.John Milton Cooper, Jr., Woodrow Wilson: A Biography (Alfred A. Knopf, 2009) p121
September 16, 1910 (Friday) The patent application for the first outboard motor was filed. Ole Evinrude, a native of Norway who settled in the United States at Cambridge, Wisconsin, had created a "marine propulsion mechanism", a portable motor that could transform a rowboat into a power boat. U.S. Patent No. 1,001,260 would be granted on August 22, 1911.patent application Frank Sargeant, The Complete Idiot's Guide to Boating and Sailing (Alpha Books, 2002) p22 Bessica Medlar Raiche made the first accredited solo airplane flight by a woman in the United States, flying from Hempstead Plains in New York, two weeks after Blanche Stuart Scott's "accidental" solo flight."Bessica Raiche"
Mexico celebrated the centennial of its independence. Born: