John Lindow Calderwood CBE (22 January 1888 – 7 February 1960) was an English solicitor, a British Army officer, and an independent politician in Wiltshire, in the west of England. He was chairman of Wiltshire County Council from 1949 until his death in 1960.
Early life Calderwood was born at 57, Main Street, Egremont, Cumberland, on 22 January 1888, the son of Dr George Calderwood, a surgeon of Beech House, Egremont, by his marriage to Mary Eleanor Lindow. He was educated at St Bees School and later at Caius College, Cambridge, where he matriculated on 1 October 1906.
The name Lindow came to him from his mother, one of the Lindow family of Ingwell and Whitehaven, who had mining and other interests in Egremont.Sir Bernard Burke, 'Lindow of Ingwell' in his A genealogical and heraldic dictionary of the landed gentry (1863), p. 877 His cousin Jonas Lindow JP was county councillor for Egremont North, while his father was Medical Officer to Cumberland County Council.History, topography, and directory of Cumberland (T. Bulmer & Co., 1901), p. 553
Career Calderwood was admitted a solicitor in November 1912 and joined the law firm of Townsend, Wood & Calderwood, of Cricklade Street, Swindon, Wiltshire. Shortly after the outbreak of the First World War, he was commissioned as a Second Lieutenant into the 15th Battalion, the King's Liverpool Regiment, rising to the rank of captain in the King's Royal Rifles and being mentioned in dispatches.Record of Service of Solicitors and Articled Clerks with His Majesty's Forces 1914—1919 (London: Spottiswoode, Ballantyne & Co. Ltd, 1920), p. 83 In 1919, he relinquished his commission.London Gazette, Issue 32244 of 1 March 1921, Supplement, p. 1764 online: "War Office, 1st March, 1921... REGULAR FORCES... The King's R. / Temp. Capt. J. L. Calderwood relinquishes his commission on completion of service, 18 February 1919, and retains the rank of Capt."
He returned to Swindon as a partner in Townsend, Wood & Calderwood, and during the 1920s he sometimes served as a liquidator.London Gazette, Issue 33050 of 26 May 1925, p. 3577, col. B onlineLondon Gazette, Issue 33467 of 15 February 1929, p. 1146, col. B online In 1929, his partnership with John Crewe Wood was dissolved and Calderwood thereafter carried on the firm of Townsend, Wood & Calderwood as a sole partner.London Gazette, Issue 33503 of 4 June 1929, p. 3721, col. B online
From the 1930s until his death Calderwood lived at The Hermitage, High Street, Swindon.The Municipal year book and public services directory (1953) p. 646 In 1933, he enlarged the house.'19th and 20th century Building Plans in the Wiltshire Record Office', at nationalarchives.gov.uk: "Additions to The Hermitage, High Street, J. L. Calderwood, G24/760/3189, 1933" In 1935, he donated to the Borough of Swindon a chain of office for the mayoress.'Swindon: Local government and public services', in A History of the County of Wiltshire: Volume 9 (1970), pp. 133-141 online, Retrieved 9 January 2010
Elected to Wiltshire County Council, he served as chairman of its Standing Orders Committee from 1947 to 1960, as chairman of its Selection Committee from 1946 to 1960, and as chairman of the Council from 1949 until his death in 1960.Wiltshire County Council, Clerk's Department, at nationalarchives.gov.uk He was also appointed an alderman.
Calderwood was for several years a member of the Committee of the Wiltshire Victoria County History and briefly served as its chairman in 1959–1960. He died at Swindon on 7 February 1960, at the age of 72, and the next volume of A History of the County of Wiltshire to appear noted that
Honours In 1957, Calderwood was appointed a Commander of the civil division of the Order of the British Empire.London Gazette, Issue 41089 of 4 June 1957, Supplement, p. 3377, col. B online: "Alderman John Lindow Calderwood, Chairman, Wiltshire County Council"
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