Corrective maintenance or repair is the act of fixing something that is damaged or broken. Its goal is to find (if not already identified) and rectify faults in an object or system, in order to restore it to sufficient working order.
Corrective maintenance is in contrast to preventive maintenance (performing upkeep to ensure that something keeps working properly) and inactive maintenance (keeping an asset that is out of service from breaking down further).MIL-STD-3034 Reliability-centered maintenance (RCM) Process .
Definition A French official standard defines "corrective maintenance" as maintenance which is carried out after failure detection and is aimed at restoring an asset to a condition in which it can perform its intended function (NF EN 13306 X 60-319 standard, June 2010)."Maintenance exécutée après détection d'une panne et destinée à remettre un bien dans un état dans lequel il peut accomplir une fonction requise."
Corrective maintenance can be subdivided into "immediate corrective maintenance" (in which work starts immediately after a failure) and "deferred corrective maintenance" (in which work is delayed in conformance to a given set of maintenance rules).
Sometimes, particularly in French-speaking countries, a distinction is made between curative maintenance and regular corrective maintenance. While the former is a larger scale procedure to permanently solve the problem (e.g. by replacing the defective mechanism), the latter only fixes the acute issue (e.g. only repairing or replacing an individual component) and might be a more temporary solution.
Standards The technical standards concerning corrective maintenance are set by IEC 60050 chapter 191 °Dependability and quality of service".
The NF EN 13306 X 60-319 is a subset of IEC 60050-191.
Choice The decision to choose corrective maintenance as a method of maintenance is a decision depending on several factors as the cost of downtime, reliability characteristics and redundancy of assets.
Methods The steps of corrective maintenance are, following failure, diagnosis – elimination of the part, causing the failure – ordering the replacement – replacement of the part – test of function and finally the continuation of use.
The basic form of corrective maintenance is a step-by-step procedure. The object's failure triggers the steps. Modern technologies as the use of Industry 4.0 features reduce the inherent drawbacks of corrective maintenance. by e.g. providing device history, fault patterns, repair advice or availability of spare parts.
See also Predictive maintenance Level of repair analysis Repairability Repairable component Mean time to repair Right to repair Repair cycle Repair shop (disambiguation) Repair kit Dutchman (repair) Doctrine of repair and reconstruction, a concept in US patent law FUBAR, a military acronym for something that is too broken Tikkun olam, a Hebrew phrase meaning 'repairing the world' Atonement Healing
Subtypes
Automated program repair Book repair Climate repair Composite repair Computer repair Credit repair DNA repair Furniture repair Home repair Reputation repair Shoe repair
Vehicle repair and maintenance
Aircraft maintenance
Auto mechanic Auxiliary repair dock Bike shop Dry dock Repair ship Ship repair
Bibliography L.C. Morow: Maintenance Engineering Hand Book, Mc Graw Hill, New York, 1952 S. Nakajima: Introduction to TPM, Productivity Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1988 Peter Willmott: Total Production Maintenance the Western Way, Butterworth, Heinemann, First Published 1994, Oxford, London
References
Further reading 9 Types of Maintenance: How to choose the right maintenance strategy, Erik Hupje, Road to Reliability™ (2020)