Moustapha Alassane (1942–17 March 2015) was a Nigerien filmmaker who is often hailed as the "father' of African film animation.
Biography Moustapha Alassane was born in the year 1942 in N’Dougou (Niger). He initially graduated with a degree in mechanics but discovered the art of film before he followed that career path. It was at the Rouch Institute for Research and Human Sciences in Niamey where he learned the cinematographic technique and thereafter became one of its main proponents. Jean Rouch provided for Alassane's education and accommodation in Canada, where he met the famous Norman McLaren, who taught him about animation.
He was the creator of the first animated films of the sub-Saharan Africa, also directing documentaries and fiction films. He was Head of Cinema Department at the Niamey University for 15 years.
Moustapha Alassane directed, in 1962, two shorts inspired in traditional tales: Aoure and La Bague du roi Koda. Representing African culture (e.g. in Deela ou el Barka le conteur, 1969, and Abimbola ou Shaki, 1973), Alassane also employed moral satire (F.V.V.A., femme, villa, voiture, argent, 1972), denouncing the thirst for power for “new wealth” in Africa. Social criticism and black humour are in almost all of his films. Le Retour d'un aventurier (1966) is considered the first African western. The debut of actor Zalika Souley, who plays the only woman amidst a band of Nigerien cowboys, also makes the film notable. The film won an award at the World Festival of Black Arts in Dakar in 1966.
The frog was Alassane's favourite animal and protagonist of most of his animated films, because Alassane believed it is funnier to animate frogs rather than humans. To work, Alassane used several materials, such as wood, metal or wire, glue, fabric or sponge. His workshop was based in Tahoua.
Numerous retrospectives of Alassane's career have been made in several international film festivals, including the MoMA in 2017. Samba le Grand was restored in 2K in 2019 by NYU Tisch, in association with Villa Albertine – French Embassy in the United States and the Cinémathèque Afrique of the Institut Français. Alassane was widely considered to be an important figure in African cinema and animation. Despite this, his films weren't seen very often, mainly popping up in Niger festivals and occasionally at international festivals.
Moustapha Alassane was made a Knight of the Legion of Honour at the Cannes Film Festival in 2007.
Filmography As director 1962: La Bague du roi Koda 1962: Aoure 1962: La Pileuse de Mil 1962: Le piroguier 1964: L’arachide de Santchira 1965: La mort de Ghandji 1966: Le Retour d'un aventurier 1966: Bon Voyage Sim 1967: Malbaza 1969: Les contre Bandiers 1969: Deela ou el Barka le Conteur 1971: Jamyya 1972: Women Cars Villas Money a.k.a. F.V.V.A.: Femme, Voiture, Villa, Argent 1973: Abimbola ou Shaki 1973: Siberi 1974: Soubane 1974: Toula ou Le génie des eaux 1975: Zaboa 1977: Samba le Grand 1982: Agwane mon Village 1982: Kankamba ou le semeur de discorde 1982: Gourimou 2000: Soolo 2000: Adieu Sim 2001: Les magiciens de l'Ader 2001: Agaïssa 2001: Kokoa 2003: Tagimba
As actor 1971: Petit à petit (Moustaphe) 1976: L'Étoile noire
As writer 1974: Toula ou Le génie des eaux
Films about Moustapha Alassane Animation et creation: Univers du cinema de Moustapha Alassane (2002), documentary directed by Debra S. Boyd Moustapha Alassane, cinéaste du possible (2009), documentary directed by Silvia Bazzoli and Christian Lelong.
References
External links
Moustapha Alassane in ClapNoir (French) Moustapha Alassane in Africultures (French) Moustapha Alassane in African Success Moustapha Alassane in a "La Gazette" article (French) Le Retour D'Un Aventurier and Moustapha Alassane in the 5th "Festival des Cinémas Africains" (French) Reading Animation through the Eyes of Anthropology: A Case Study of sub-Saharan African Animation Cultural Dilemma of the African Film