Rutoceratidae is a family of prototypical nautilids, derived probably from either Brevicoceratidae or Acleistoceratidae of the order Oncocerida early in the Devonian. Rutoceratidae comprise a family within the oncocerid superfamily TainocerataceaeKummel 1964, Nautiloidea-Nautilida; Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part K: Nautiloidea, Teichert & Moore (eds) They are generally characterized by cyrtoconic and gyroconic shells, commonly with spines, nodes, or frills, although some included genera are almost orthoconic, and a commonly empty, tubular ventral siphuncle.Flower and Kummel 1950; A Classification of the Nautiloidea; Journal of Paleontology, 24(50) 606–616, Sep 1950
The Rutocertids lived during the Devonian and Mississippian (early Carboniferous) and are the ancestral stock of Nautilida. Within the superfamily Taintocerataceae, rutoceratids gave rise to the exclusively Devonian family Tetragonoceratidae and near the start of the Mississippian to the family Koninckioceratidae which lasted into the Permian and to Tainoceratidae which lasted through most of the Triassic.
Genera Adelphoceras Anomaloceras Casteroceras Centrolitoceras Diademoceras Duerleyoceras Goldringia Halloceras Hercoceras Hindeoceras Homoadelphoceras Litogyroceras Muiroceras Pleuroncoceras Ptenoceras Ptyssoceras Roussanoffoceras Rutoceras Syrreghmatoceras Tetranodoceras Threaroceras Trochoceras Tylorthoceras
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