Australidelphia is a superorder of marsupials encompassing about three-quarters of all living marsupial species, including all those native to Australasia and one South American species, the monito del monte. Australidelphia's lineage emerged in South America, with genetic evidence (retrotransposon insertion sites) indicating that the South American monito del monte is sister to all other members of the superorder, unlike other American marsupials, which belong to the Ameridelphia.
Within this superorder, the Australian members form a distinct group (clade) named Eomarsupialia, though their internal relationships (branching order) have yet to be determined. Studies suggest that the Australidelphia originated in South America alongside other major marsupial groups. The Eomarsupialia likely dispersed to Australia via Antarctica in a single event after their divergence from their sister group, the Microbiotheria.
Phylogeny The following cladogram is a phylogeny of Australidelphia based on the work of May-Collado, Kilpatrick & Agnarsson 2015, with extinct clades from Black et al. 2012.
Taxonomy The orders and families within this group are listed below:
Order Dasyuromorphia (71 species) Family Dasyuridae: antechinuses, quolls, dunnarts, Tasmanian devil, and allies Family Myrmecobiidae: numbat Family †Thylacinidae: thylacine Order Diprotodontia (117 species) Family Acrobatidae: feathertail glider and feather-tailed possum Family Burramyidae: pygmy possums Family Hypsiprymnodontidae: musky rat-kangaroo Family Macropodidae: kangaroos, wallabies, and allies Family Petauridae: striped possum, Leadbeater's possum, yellow-bellied glider, sugar glider, mahogany glider, squirrel glider Family Phalangeridae: brushtail possums and cuscuses Family Phascolarctidae: koala Family Potoridae: potoroos, rat kangaroos, bettongs Family Pseudocheiridae: ringtailed possums and allies Family Tarsipedidae: honey possum Family Vombatidae: wombats Family †Diprotodontidae: giant wombats Family †Palorchestidae: marsupial tapirs Family †Thylacoleonidae: marsupial lions Order †Keeunamorphia Family †Keeunidae Order Microbiotheria (1 species) Family Microbiotheriidae: monito del monte Order Notoryctemorphia (2 species) Family Notoryctidae: marsupial moles Order Peramelemorphia (21 species) Family Peramelidae: bandicoots and allies Family Thylacomyidae: bilbies Family †Chaeropodidae: pig-footed bandicoots Order †Yalkaparidontia Archer, Hand & Godthelp 1988 Family †Yalkaparidontidae Archer, Hand & Godthelp 1988
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