Ground dove refers to a number of genera in two distantly-related groups of doves.
American ground doves (Claravinae): Claravis pretiosa, the blue ground dove of the Neotropics. Columbina, a genus of small, mostly terrestrial doves from the Americas. Metriopelia, a genus of terrestrial doves which inhabit dry, high-altitude areas of South America. Paraclaravis, a genus of rare, mostly arboreal doves from the Neotropics. Uropelia campestris, the long-tailed ground dove of South America. Indo-Pacific ground doves (Raphinae: Phabini, in part): Gallicolumba, a genus of variably-sized, mostly terrestrial doves from Southeast Asia. Pampusana, a genus of variably-sized, mostly terrestrial doves from Southeast Asia and tropical Pacific islands.
Not to be confused is the thick-billed ground pigeon of the genus Trugon.