Polevoy (; also transcribed Polevoi) is a Russian and Ukrainian surname. The female form may be written as Polevaya, or, in Ukrainian, Poleva.
Notable persons:
Boris Nikolaevich Polevoy (1908–1981), Soviet writer Boris Petrovich Polevoy (1918–2002), Soviet and Russian historian Victoria Poleva (born 1962), Ukrainian composer Nikolai Polevoy (1796–1846), Russian editor, writer, and historian