Fasciolariidae is a family of small to large sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Buccinoidea. Species in Fasciolariidae are commonly known as tulip snails and spindle snails.
The family Fasciolariidae most likely appeared about 110 million years ago during the Cretaceous period.
Distribution
The recent species inhabit tropical to temperate waters.
Description The anatomy of Fasciolariidae and Buccinidae is very similar. Distinction is usually made on basis of differences in the radula and the stomach anatomy. Fraussen K., Kantor Y. & Hadorn R. 2007. Amiantofusus gen. nov. for Fusus amiantus Dall, 1889 (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Fasciolariidae) with description of a new and extensive Indo-West Pacific radiation. Novapex 8 (3–4): 79–101
The shells are usually reddish in color and have a moderate to large size, reaching a height between 1.0 and 60 cm. The shells are spindle-shaped and biconic. The spire is elongated. The siphonal canal is well developed and is long to moderately long. The columella varies between a smooth appearance and showing spiral folds. The horny operculum has an oval shape. Their radula is characteristic with narrow central teeth with three cusps. The wide lateral teeth show numerous ctenoid (= comblike) cusps.
Snails in the family Fasciolariidae are carnivorous. They feed on other gastropods and on bivalves. Some also prey on worms and barnacles.
The snails are gonochoristic, i.e. the individuals have just one sex. The female snails deposit their eggs in horny capsules either in a single form or in clusters arranged around a hollow axis. The single forms have a flattened, disk-shaped, or vase-shaped form. The clusters are hemispherical or cylindrical. Development is usually direct. The larvae emerge from the capsules as free-swimming young or as crawling young.
Taxonomy According to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi (2005), the Fasciolariidae consist of the following subfamilies: Clavilithinae Vermeij & Snyder, 2018 † Fasciolariinae Gray, 1853 Fusininae Wrigley, 1927 - synonyms: Fusinae Swainson, 1840 (inv.); Cyrtulidae MacDonald, 1869; Streptochetinae Cossmann, 1901 Peristerniinae Tryon, 1880 - synonym: Latiridae Iredale, 1929
Genera Genera in the family Fasciolariidae include (fossil genera are marked with a dagger):WoRMS : Fasciolariidae subfamily Clavilithinae Vermeij & Snyder, 2018 † † Africolithes Eames, 1957 † Austrolithes Finlay, 1931 † Chiralithes Olsson, 1930 † Clavellofusus Grabau, 1904 † Clavilithes Swainson, 1840 † Cosmolithes Grabau, 1904 † Mancorus Olsson, 1931 † Papillina Conrad, 1855 † Perulithes Olsson, 1930 † Clavella Swainson, 1835 accepted as Clavilithes Swainson, 1840 † (Junior homonym of Clavella Oken, 1815. Has been renamed Clavilithes.) † Rhopalithes Grabau, 1904 accepted as Clavilithes Swainson, 1840 † (objective synonym) † Turrispira Conrad, 1866 accepted as Clavilithes Swainson, 1840 † † Daphnobela Cossmann, 1896 † Euthriofusus Cossmann, 1901 subfamily Fasciolariinae
Fasciolaria Lamarck, 1799 - type genus, the Tulip shells Africolaria Snyder, Vermeij & Lyons, 2012 Aurantilaria Snyder, Vermeij & Lyons, 2012 Australaria Snyder, Vermeij & Lyons, 2012 Bellifusus Stephenson, 1941 † Boltenella Wade, 1917 † Brucia Cossmann, 1920 † Calkota Squires & Saul, 2003 Cinctura Hollister, 1957 Conradconfusus Snyder, 2002 † Cryptorhytis Meek, 1876 † Drilliovoluta Cossmann, 1925 † Drilluta Wade, 1916 † Filifusus Snyder, Vermeij & Lyons, 2012 Glaphyrina Finlay, 1926 Granolaria Snyder, Vermeij & Lyons, 2012 Haplovoluta Wade, 1918 † Hercorhyncus Conrad, 1869 † Hylus Wade, 1917 † Kilburnia Snyder, Vermeij & Lyons, 2012 Liochlamys Dall, 1889 † Lirofusus Conrad, 1865 † Lugubrilaria Snyder, Vermeij & Lyons, 2012 Lyonsifusus Vermeij & Snyder, 2018 Mariafusus Petuch, 1988 † Micasarcina Squires & Saul, 2003 † Microcolus Cotton & Godfrey, 1932 Microfulgur Finlay & Marwick, 1937 Mylecoma Squires & Saul, 2003 † Odontofusus Whitfield, 1892 † Paleopsephaea Wade, 1926 † Parafusus Wade, 1918 † Perse B.L. Clark, 1918 † Piestochilus Meek, 1864 † Plectocion Stewart, 1927 † Pleia Finlay, 1930 Pleuroploca P. Fischer, 1884 Pliculofusus Snyder, Vermeij & Lyons, 2012 † Saginafusus Iredale, 1931 Scobina Wade, 1917 † Serrifusus Meek, 1876 † Skyles Saul & Popenoe, 1993 † Terebraspira Conrad, 1862 † Trichifusus Bandel, 2000 † Triplofusus Olsson & Harbison, 1953 Wadia Cossmann, 1920 † Whitneyella Stewart, 1927 † Woodsella Wade, 1926 †
subfamily Fusininae Fusus Bruguière, 1789 : synonym of Fusinus Rafinesque, 1815
Aegeofusinus Russo, 2017 Africofusus Vermeij & Snyder, 2018 Amiantofusus Fraussen, Kantor & Hadorn, 2007 † Angustifusus Vermeij & Snyder, 2018 Apertifusus Vermeij & Snyder, 2018 Aptyxis Troschel, 1868 Araiofusus Callomon & Snyder, 2017 Ariefusus Vermeij & Snyder, 2018 Aristofusus Vermeij & Snyder, 2018 Barbarofusus Grabau & Shimer, 1909 Callifusus Vermeij & Snyder, 2018 Chryseofusus Hadorn & Fraussen, 2003 Cyrtulus Hinds, 1843 - Cyrtulus serotinus Hinds, 1843 Enigmofusus Vermeij & Snyder, 2018 † Eofusus Vermeij & Snyder, 2018 Falsicolus Finlay, 1930 Falsifusus Grabau, 1904 † Fredenia Cadée & Janssen, 1994 † Fusinus Rafinesque, 1815 - type genus of the subfamily Fusininae Gemmocolus Maxwell, 1992 † Goniofusus Vermeij & Snyder, 2018 Gracilipurpura Jousseaume, 1880 Granulifusus Kuroda & Habe, 1954 Harasewychia Petuch, 1987 Harfordia Dall, 1921 Heilprinia Grabau, 1904 Helolithus Agassiz, 1846 † Hesperaptyxis Snyder & Vermeij, 2016 Lepidocolus Maxwell, 1992 † Liracolus Maxwell, 1992 † Lyonsifusus Vermeij & Snyder, 2018 Marmorofusus Snyder & Lyons, 2014 Okutanius Kantor, Fedosov, Snyder & Bouchet, 2018 Ollaphon Iredale, 1929 Priscofusus Conrad, 1865 † Profusinus Bandel, 2000 † Propefusus Iredale, 1924 Pseudaptyxis Petuch, 1988 † Pullincola de Gregorio, 1894 † Remera Stephenson, 1941 † Rhopalithes Grabau, 1904 † Simplicifusus Kira, 1972 Solutofusus Pritchard, 1898 † Spirilla Agassiz, 1842 † Streptocarina Hinsch, 1977 † Streptochetus Cossmann, 1889 † Streptodictyon Tembrock, 1961 † Streptolathyrus Cossmann, 1901 † Tectifusus Tate, 1893 † Trophonofusus Kuroda & Habe, 1971 Turrispira Conrad, 1866 † Vermeijius Kantor, Fedosov, Snyder & Bouchet, 2018 Viridifusus Snyder, Vermeij & Lyons, 2012
subfamily Peristerniinae
Peristernia Mörch, 1852 - type genus of the subfamily Peristerniinae Aptycholathyrus Cossman & Pissarro, 1905 † Ascolatirus Bellardi, 1884 † Benimakia Habe, 1958 Brocchitas Finlay, 1927 † Bullockus Lyons & Snyder, 2008 Dennantia Tate, 1888 † Dentifusus Vermeij & Rosenberg, 2003 Eolatirus Bellardi, 1884 † Exilifusus Conrad, 1865 † Fractolatirus Iredale, 1936 Fusolatirus Kuroda & Habe, 1971 Hemipolygona Rovereto, 1899 Lathyropsis Oostingh, 1939 † Latirofusus Cossmann, 1889 Latirogona Laws, 1944 † Latirolagena Harris, 1897 Latirulus Cossmann, 1889 Latirus Montfort, 1810 Leucozonia Gray, 1847 Lightbournus Lyons & Snyder, 2008 Liochlamys Dall, 1889 † Mazzalina Conrad, 1960 † Neolatirus Bellardi, 1884 † Nodolatirus Bouchet & Snyder, 2013 Nodopelagia Hedley, 1915 Opeatostoma Berry, 1958 Plesiolatirus Bellardi, 1884 † Plicatella Swainson, 1840 Polygona Schumacher, 1817 Psammostoma Vermeij & Snyder, 2002 † Pseudolatirus Bellardi, 1884WoRMS (2010). Pseudolatirus Bellardi, 1884. In: Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S.; Rosenberg, G. (2010) World Marine Mollusca database. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=446090 on 2010-08-01 Pustulatirus Vermeij & Snyder, 2006 Ruscula Casey, 1904 † Streptopelma Cossmann, 1901 † Tarantinaea Monterosato, 1917 Taron Hutton, 1883 Teralatirus Coomans, 1965 Turrilatirus Vermeij & M.A. Snyder, 2006
Subfamily ? Crassibougia Stahlschmidt & Fraussen, 2012
Genera brought into synonymy Aptyxis Troschel, 1868: synonym of Fusinus Rafinesque, 1815 Buccinofusus Conrad, 1868: synonym of Conradconfusus Snyder, 2002 † Bulbifusus Conrad, 1865 †: synonym of Mazzalina Conrad, 1960 † Chasca Clench & Aguayo, 1941: synonym of Chascax Watson, 1873: synonym of Hemipolygona Rovereto, 1899 Chascax Watson, 1873: synonym of Hemipolygona Rovereto, 1899 Cinctura Hollister, 1957: synonym of Fasciolaria Lamarck, 1799 Clavella Swainson, 1835: synonym of Clavilithes Swainson, 1840 † Cymatium Link, 1807: synonym of Latirus Montfort, 1810 Exilifusus Gabb, 1876 †: synonym of Fusinus Rafinesque, 1815 Fusilatirus McGinty, 1955: synonym of Dolicholatirus Bellardi, 1884 Fusus Bruguière, 1789: synonym of Fusinus Rafinesque, 1815 Gracilipurpura Jousseaume, 1881 †: synonym of Fusinus Rafinesque, 1815 Heilprinia Grabau, 1904: synonym of Fusinus Rafinesque, 1815 Iaeranea Rafinesque, 1815: synonym of Fasciolaria Lamarck, 1799 Lagena Schumacher, 1817: synonym of Latirolagena Harris, 1897 Lathyrus Schinz, 1825: synonym of Latirus Montfort, 1810 Latirofusus Cossmann, 1889: synonym of Dolicholatirus Bellardi, 1884 Latyrus Carpenter, 1857: synonym of Latirus Montfort, 1810 Propefusus Iredale, 1924: synonym of Fusinus Rafinesque, 1815 Pseudofusus Monterosato, 1884: synonym of Fusinus Rafinesque, 1815 Pseudolatirus Cossmann, 1889 †: synonym of Streptolathyrus Cossmann, 1901 † Simplicifusus Kira, 1972: synonym of Granulifusus Kuroda & Habe, 1954 Sinistralia H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853: synonym of Fusinus Rafinesque, 1815 Tarantinaea Monterosato, 1917: synonym of Fasciolaria Lamarck, 1799
References