The Group of the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe (ALDE Group) was the liberal–centrist political group of the European Parliament from 2004 until 2019 when it merged into Renew Europe.
ALDE was made up of MEPs from two European political parties, the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party and the European Democratic Party, which collectively form the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe.
The ALDE Group traced its unofficial origin back to September 1952 and the first meeting of the Parliament's predecessor, the Common Assembly of the European Coal and Steel Community. Founded as an explicitly liberal group, it expanded its remit to cover the different traditions of each new Member State as they acceded to the Union, progressively changing its name in the process. Its immediate predecessor was the European Liberal Democrat and Reform Party Group (ELDR).
The ALDE Group was the fourth-largest group in the Eighth European Parliament term, and previously participated in an informal coalition with the EPP during the Sixth Parliament (2004–2009). The pro-European platform of ALDE was in support of free market economics and pushed for European integration and the European single market.
On 12 June 2019, it was announced that the successor group in alliance with La République En Marche! would be named Renew Europe.
History
The ALDE Group traced its unofficial ancestry back to the Liberal members present at the first meeting of the Common Assembly of the European Coal and Steel Community (the Parliament's predecessor) on 10 September 1952, but the Group was officially founded as the Group of Liberals and Allies on 23 June 1953.
As the Assembly grew into the Parliament, the French Gaullists split from the Group on 21 January 1965 and the Group started the process of changing its name to match the liberal/centrist traditions of the new member states, firstly to the Liberal and Democratic Group in 1976, then to the Liberal and Democratic Reformist Group on 13 December 1985, then to the Group of the European Liberal Democrat and Reform Party on 19 July 1994 to match the European political party of the same name.
In 1999, the Group partnered with European People's Party–European Democrats (EPP-ED) group to form an informal coalition for the Fifth Parliament. This included supporting the EPP's candidate for President of the Parliament in 1999 and the ALDE candidate in 2002. This meant that the Group secured its first President of the European Parliament since Simone Veil, when Pat Cox was elected to the post to serve the latter half of the Parliament's five-year term. This arrangement was discontinued after the 2009 election, when the EPP and the socialist S&D Group formed an informal Grand Coalition.
On 13 July 2004, the Group approved a recommendation to unite with MEPs from the centrist political party at the European level called the European Democratic Party (EDP) founded by François Bayrou's Union for French Democracy, the Labour Party of Lithuania and Democracy is Freedom – The Daisy of Italy.
The Group accordingly became the Group of the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe (ALDE) on 20 July 2004, to match the eponymous transnational political alliance, although the two European-level parties remained separate outside the European Parliament. The MEP Graham Watson of the British Liberal Democrats became the first chair of ALDE.
In May 2019, speaking at a debate leading up to the 2019 European Parliament election, ALDE President Guy Verhofstadt announced that following the election, the group would form a new, centrist alliance with Emmanuel Macron's "Renaissance" list and be renamed as Renew Europe.
Membership
Membership by party in Sixth, Seventh and Eighth Parliaments The national parties that are members of ALDE are as follows: Country National party National party in national language European party MEPs2004–2009 MEPs2009–2014 MEPs2014–2019 NEOS – The New Austria and Liberal Forum ALDE – Open Flemish Liberals and Democrats ALDE Reformist Movement ALDE EDP– National Movement for Stability and Progress () ALDE – Movement for Rights and Freedoms () ALDE We Continue the Change () ALDE Civic Liberal Alliance ALDE – – Istrian Democratic Assembly ALDE – – Democratic Party () ALDE – – ANO 2011 ANO 2011 ALDE – – Petr Ježek and Pavel Telička (Independent)–––– Venstre - Denmark's Liberal Party ALDE Danish Social Liberal Party ALDE – Estonian Centre Party ALDE Estonian Reform Party ALDE Centre Party ALDE Swedish People's Party ALDE Democratic Movement EDP Cap21 None – – Civic Alliance for Democracy in Europe ALDE – – –none – – Radical Movement ALDE – – Union of Democrats and Independents EDP (2014–2016) ALDE (2016–2019) – – Free Democratic Party ALDE Free Voters EDP – – Drassi none – – Alliance of Free Democrats ALDE – – Hungarian Liberal Party – – –Momentum MovementMomentum Mozgalom–––Fianna Fáil –ALDE -Marian Harkin (Independent) –EDP Democracy is Freedom – The Daisy (note: merged into PD in 2007)EDP – – Italy of Values ALDE – Alliance for Italy EDP –Italian RadicalsALDE – –Latvia's First Party/Latvian WayALDE –Union of Greens and FarmersEGP (LZP) – – Labour PartyALDELiberal and Centre Union ALDE – –Liberal Movement ALDE – Democratic Party ALDE People's Party for Freedom and DemocracyALDE Democrats 66ALDE Democratic Party – demokraci.plALDE – – Paweł Piskorski (Independent) – none – –Marek Czarnecki (Independent) – none – – Liberal InitiativeIniciativa LiberalALDE–––Democratic Republican PartyEDP–– National Liberal PartyALDE –Alliance of Liberals and Democrats (formerly PNL and Independent) ALDE – – Renate Weber (formerly PNL) – ALDE – – Mircea Diaconu (Independent) –ALDE – – People's Party – Movement for a Democratic SlovakiaEDP – –Liberal Democracy of SloveniaALDE –Zares – Social Liberals ALDE – –Democratic Party of Pensioners of Slovenia EDP – – List of Marjan SarecLista Marjana Šarca, LMŠALDE–––Basque Nationalist PartyEDP Catalan European Democratic Party ALDE Union, Progress and Democracy None – CitizensALDE – – Liberals ALDE Centre Party ALDE Liberal Democrats ALDE Total ALDE Party 70 74 56 Total EDP 26 10 8 Total Other 4 1 4 Total 100 85 68
Membership at formation In September 1952, the third-largest grouping in the Common Assembly was the Liberal grouping with 11 members. The Group of Liberals and Allies was officially founded on 23 June 1953. By mid-September 1953, it was again the third-largest Group with 10 members.
Structure Subgroups ALDE was a coalition of liberal and centrist MEPs. It did not have formal subgroups, although the MEPs fell naturally into two informal subgroups, depending on whether they associated with the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party or the European Democratic Party.
Organisation The Bureau was the main decision making body of the ALDE Group and is composed of the leaders of the delegations from each member state that elects ALDE MEPs. The Bureau oversaw the ALDE Group's main strategy and policies and was headed by a chair (referred to as the Leader). The day-to-day running of the Group was performed by its secretariat, led by its Secretary-General.
The senior staff of ALDE as of July 2012 were as follows:
Member Position NationGuy VerhofstadtPresidentBelgiumSophia in 't VeldVice-PresidentNetherlandsPavel TeličkaVice-PresidentCzech RepublicMaite Pagazaurtundúa RuizVice-PresidentSpainAndrus AnsipVice-PresidentEstoniaFiliz HyusmenovaVice-PresidentBulgariaMarielle de SarnezVice-PresidentFranceIzaskun Bilbao BarandicaVice-PresidentSpainNorica NicolaiVice-PresidentRomaniaPetras AuštrevičiusMemberLithuaniaCatherine BearderMemberUnited KingdomPhilippe De BackerMemberBelgiumMircea DiaconuMemberRomaniaJosé Inácio FariaMemberPortugalFredrick FederleyMemberSwedenCharles GoerensMemberLuxembourgMarian HarkinMemberIrelandIvan JakovčićMemberCroatia Alexander Graf LambsdorffMemberGermanyAntónio Marinho e PintoMemberPortugalLouis MichelMemberBelgiumAngelika MlinarMemberAustriaUlrike MüllerMemberGermanyJavier NartMemberSpainMaite PagazaurtundúaMemberSpainMorten Helveg PetersenMemberDenmarkJozo RadošMemberCroatiaOlli RehnMemberFinlandYana ToomMemberEstoniaNils TorvaldsMemberFinlandRamon Tremosa i BalcellsMemberSpainUlla TørnæsMemberDenmarkViktor UspaskichMemberLithuaniaIvo VajglMemberSloveniaJohannes Cornelis van BaalenMemberNetherlandsCecilia WikströmMemberSweden
The chairs of ALDE and its predecessors from 1953 to 2019 are as follows: ChairTook officeLeft officeCountry(Constituency)PartyYvon Delbos19531956Radical PartyRené Pleven19571968Democratic and Socialist Union of the ResistanceCornelis Berkhouwer19701973People's Party for Freedom and DemocracyJean-François Pintat19781979Union for French DemocracyMartin Bangemann19791984Free Democratic PartySimone Veil19841989Union for French DemocracyValéry Giscard d'Estaing19891991Union for French DemocracyYves Galland19921994Union for French DemocracyGijs de Vries19941998People's Party for Freedom and DemocracyPat Cox19982002(Munster)IndependentGraham Watson20022009(South West England)Liberal DemocratsGuy Verhofstadt20092019(Dutch)Open Flemish Liberals and Democrats
Academic analysis Along with the other political groups, ALDE has been analysed by academics on its positions regarding various issues. In short, it's a group of cohesive, gender-balanced centrist Euroneutrals that cooperate most closely with the EPP, are ambiguous on hypothetical EU taxes and supportive of eventual full Turkish accession to the European Union.
References
External links Archives of the Group of the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe, at the Historical Archives of the European Union ALDE Group in the European Parliament (official website)