Palaeosia is a monotypic genus of moths in the family Erebidae erected by George Hampson in 1900. Its only species, Palaeosia bicosta, the two-ribbed arctiid or two-ribbed footman, was first described by Francis Walker in 1854. It is found in south-eastern Australia.

The wingspan is about 30 mm.

The larvae feed on lichen.

Former species Palaeosia longistriga, now Oeonosia longistriga (Bethune-Baker, 1908)

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