Dryander is a family name. It originates as a 16th-century Humanist name, literally meaning (in Ancient Greek) "oak-man". It was used by people whose original name was Eichmann ("oak-man"), Eichholz ("oak-wood"), de Enzinas ("of the holm-oaks") etc., notable people with the surname include:
Athaulphus Dryander (1490–1563), adopted name of Adolf Eichholz, German humanist and jurist Johann Dryander (Eichmann) (1500–1560), German physician and scholar Franciscus Dryander (1518–1552), adopted name of Francisco de Enzinas, Spanish humanist Jacobus Dryander (c. 1520 – 1547), adopted name of Diego de Enzinas, Spanish scholar Jonas Carlsson Dryander (also "Johann Dryander"), Swedish botanist (1748–1810) Johann Friedrich Dryander (1756–1812), German painter
Dryander is also a literary character in the novel Dichter und ihre Gesellen from German author Joseph Freiherr von Eichendorff (1788–1857)