Elderton is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Ethel M. Elderton (1878–1954), English statistician Merrick Elderton (1884–1939), English cricketer and educator William Elderton (ballad writer) (died 1592), English actor, lawyer, and ballad-writer William Palin Elderton (1877–1962), English actuary and statistician, brother of Ethel