Urbanus is a genus of skipper butterflies erected by Jacob Hübner in 1807, placed to subtribe Eudamina. Species of the genus are found from the southern United States to South America.
Taxonomy The genus has been subject to several revisions, one of which led to the type genus of subfamily Eudaminae, genus Eudamus, becoming a junior synonym of Urbanus. As a result of genome analysis of the Eudaminae, several species formerly considered part of Urbanus have been transferred to other genera, including to Cecropterus and Spicauda. Subsequently, Urbanus alva has been proposed as being distinct with the statement "Urbanus alva Evans, 1952 is a valid species and not a synonym of Urbanus belli (Hayward, 1935), new status." (See Zhang et al. 2019)
Species
Except where separately referenced, this species list follows the classification of Li et al. 2019, with distribution data sourced from Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms.
Subgenus Urbanoides Urbanus elmina Evans, 1952 – Ecuador Urbanus esma Evans, 1952 – Brazil Urbanus esmeraldus (A. Butler, 1877) – Mexico, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Panama, Honduras to Brazil, Colombia Urbanus esta Evans, 1952 – Mexican coasts to Ecuador and Brazil Urbanus evona Evans, 1952 – Mexico, Guatemala Urbanus prodicus E. Bell, 1956 – Mexico Urbanus viridis H. Freeman, 1970 – Mexico
Subgenus Urbanus Urbanus alva Evans, 1952 – Mexico Urbanus belli (Hayward, 1935) – Mexico [?] to Bolivia, Argentina Urbanus bernikerni Burns, 2014 Urbanus dubius Steinhauser, 1981 – Colombia Urbanus ehakernae Burns, 2014 Urbanus huancavillcas (R. Williams, 1926) – Ecuador Urbanus longicaudus Austin, 1998 – Brazil Urbanus magnus Steinhauser, 1981 – Ecuador Urbanus megalurus (Mabille, 1877) Urbanus oplerorum Urbanus parvus Austin, 1998 – Brazil Urbanus pronta Evans, 1952 – Mexico, Honduras, to Ecuador Urbanus pronus Evans, 1952 – Central America, Ecuador, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay; Mexico Urbanus proteus (Linnaeus, 1758) – southern US, Mexico, Central & South America Urbanus proteus proteus (Linnaeus, 1758) – Mexico Urbanus proteus domingo (Scudder, 1872) – Saba to Grenada, Haiti Urbanus rickardi Urbanus segnestami Burns, 2014 Urbanus tucuti (R. Williams, 1927) Urbanus velinus (Plötz, 1881) – Brazil, Guyana Urbanus villus Austin, 1998 – Brazil Urbanus viterboana (Ehrmann, 1907) – Mexico to Colombia, Ecuador.
Former species Transferred to Cecropterus: Urbanus dorantes (Stoll, 1790) Urbanus obscurus (Hewitson, 1867) Urbanus evenus (Ménétriés, 1855) Urbanus virescens (Mabille, 1877) Urbanus trebia (Möschler, 1879) Urbanus carmelita (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) Urbanus reductus (N. Riley, 1919) Urbanus doryssus (Swainson, 1831) Urbanus albimargo (Mabille, 1875)
Transferred to Spicauda: Urbanus teleus (Hübner, 1821) Urbanus tanna Evans, 1952 Urbanus ambiguus de Jong, 1983 Urbanus cindra Evans, 1952 Urbanus zagorus (Plötz, 1881) Urbanus simplicius (Stoll, 1790) Urbanus procne (Plötz, 1881)
Transferred to Telegonus Urbanus chalco (Hübner, 1823)
References
External links