List of Egyptian castles, forts, fortifications and city walls

Many buildings in Egypt can be put under the classification of castles, citadels, forts, and fortifications.

List by age Protodynastic period Tell es-Sakan – fortified settlement that likely was an administrative centre in an Egyptian colonial area in the southern Levant

Pharaonic

Lower Egypt Fortification of MemphisAncient Egypt military architecture Fort of Walls of the Prince (inebw heka), Eastern Delta. Fortress of Wadi Natrun, western Delta. Rhakotis fort, AlexandriaAlexander the Great Tahpanhes fort or Castle of the Jew's Daughter Heliopolis Fortifications.

Middle Egypt Pi-Sekhemkheperre, near Herakleopolis Magna

Upper Egypt Edfu, fortified settlement of the First Intermediate Period Elephantine El-Kab fortifications Kom el-Ahmar (Hierakonpolis) fortifications Fortress of Abydos Medinet Habu New Kingdom fortification Thebes fortificationsTandamane works

Sinai The Way of Horus coastal forts, Sinai Tharu castle, Sinai Qantara East fort, Sinai Kolsum castle, SuezNiebuhr travels Boto Fort of Seti I, (Qatia area), Sinai.Said Aly Sinai, the Meaning and Importance Tell-Huba Fortress, SinaiLarge old Sinai fortress Pelusium Fort,Ramsis II Pelusium Fort Tharu city fortifications.Tharu fortificationsTharu castle thesis

Western Desert Siwa Oasis fortification, Western desert of EgyptSiwa Oasis

Qasr Allam fort

Nubia

The ancient castle at BuhenBuhen castleAncient Egypt architecture Fort of Kubban, Nubia Semna fortificationEgyptian Fortresses in Nubia Kumma fort Aniba Fort Uronarti fort Mirgissa fort Shalfak fort Askut fort Senusret I-III seventeen south fortresses. Dabenarti fort Faras Fort Serra Fort.

Persian Persian fort of Rhakortis, North coast

Greco-Roman

Cairo Fort Babylon, CairoBabylon fort history & photos

Delta Naucratis Greek fort

Kharga Oasis Ain Umm Dabadib fort, Kharga Oasis.Kharga Oasis El Deir fort, Kharga Oasis. Qasr el Labeka fort, Kharga Oasis. Qasr Sumaria fort, Kharga Oasis. Qasr el Geb fort, Kharga Oasis. Al-Haiz fort, Bahariya Oasis. Nadura fort, Kharga Oasis Qasr el-Ghueita fort, Kharga Oasis Qasr el-Zayyan fort, Kharga Oasis

Red Sea Castellum of Badia, Gebel Abu Dukhan, near Hurghada, Red SeaCastellum of BadiaRed Sea Roman fort wall Abu Sha'ar Fort, Red Sea.

Fayoum Temple of Stones fort, Fayoum. Der el Memun, fort where Anthony the Great lived, across from Faiyum.

Upper Egypt Al-Heita fort, Eastern desert, Qena.Qena El-Iteima, on the Wadi Hammamat road. Seyala, on the Wadi Hammamat road. El-Hamrah, on the Wadi Hammamat road. El-Zerkah, on the Wadi Hammamat road. El-Fawakhir, on the Wadi Hammamat road. El-Hammamat, on the Wadi Hammamat road. El-Muweih, on the Wadi Hammamat road. Qasr el Banat, on the Wadi Hammamat road. El-Laqeita, on the Wadi Hammamat road. El-Matula, on the Wadi Hammamat road. Semna, Along the upper central desert route between Philoteras (believed to be Wadi Gawasis) and Kainopolis. El-Gidami, Along the upper central desert route between Philoteras (believed to be Wadi Gawasis) and Kainopolis. El-Qreiya, Along the upper central desert route between Philoteras (believed to be Wadi Gawasis) and Kainopolis. 'Aras, Along the upper central desert route between Philoteras (believed to be Wadi Gawasis) and Kainopolis.

Sinai Saint Catherine's Monastery fortification, Mount Sinai in the Sinai Peninsula (by Justinian I 548–565)Egypt history

North coast Alexandria fortifications Alexandria histories Taposiris Magna Fortress, Alexandria

Islamic

Cairo Cairo Citadel, Mukkattam, Cairo Ayyubid Cairo City Fortification Gates of Cairo Al Fustat city walls

Alexandria

Citadel of Qaitbay, Alexandria Fortification of Bab Rosetta, AlexandriaAlexandria history Qaitbey Citadel, Rosetta (known as Fort Julien)

Red Sea and Eastern desert Quseir CastleQuseir Fort

Sinai Salah El-Din castle, Pharaoh's Island, Sinai Sinai castles Nweiba' Castle Qalaat Al-Gindi, Ras Sedr, SinaiPhoto of Qalaat Al-GindiPhotos Al-Arish citadel Nakhl citadelDescription of Nakhl Fortress Farma citadel El Tina castle, North SinaiEl Tina castle

Western desert Siwa oasis fortSiwa fot photoSiwa Villa & Fort photoRain damage of Siwa fort Shali fortified village, Siwa Oasis.Siwa Oasis

Modern Egypt

Cairo

Alexandria and North coast Fort Julien, Rosetta Fort. Agami Fort, Alexandria (by French occupation) Abu Qir Castle (was used by Mohammed Ali as a prison)

Western Desert Mersa Matruh Fortifications (1941 AD)Marsa MatrouhMatruh Fortified position Sidi Barrani Fortifications (1941 AD)Italian invasion of EgyptAfrica Korps Sidi Barani fortified camps1.JmA - Compass Alam el Halfa Fortifications (1941 AD)North Africa battleFortified Alam el HalfaFortified Alam el Halfa Sollum fortified base camp (1941 AD)Sollum Fortified camp Halfaya Pass Fortification (1941 AD)Operation CrusaderBattle of the OmarsNorth Africa campagain Bir-Hakeim fort (1942 AD)

Sinai Al-Arish castle Sharm El-Sheikh fortification by Egypt (1954 AD)sharm-al-shaykhFry, Michael, and Hochstein, Miles. "The Forgotten Middle East Crisis of 1957: Gaza and Sharm el Sheikh." International History Review 15 (1993): 46 - 83 "The Forgotten Middle East Crisis of 1957: Gaza and Sharm el Sheikh." Castle Zaman, Sinai Castle Zaman

Suez Canal Adgerud castle, Suez. Kolsum castle, Suez. Bar Lev Line Fort Lahtzanit Fort Budapest

Red Sea and Eastern Desert Green Island (Egypt) Fortification, Red Sea (1969 AD) Shadwan island fortifications, Red Sea (1960s AD)

List by areas and time

Western Desert Zawiyet Umm el-Rakham, a Ramesside fort near the Libyan coast where trade goods were found. For example, cakes of Egyptian blue pigment, brought there for export, were found, along with indications of exotic imports such as olive oil and wine.

Alexandria Citadel of Qaitbay Fort Pharos Fort Silsileh Fort Adda Fort Ras-el-Tin Fort Marabout Fort Adjemi Marza-el-Kana Citadel of Mex Fort Kamaria Fort Om Qabeba Fort Saleh Aga

Rosetta Fort Julien

Damietta

Ezzbet El-Borg Defensive tower. Urabi Fort. Old Damietta city wall and Fortifications.

Sinai castles, forts, fortifications and citadels 13th century BC The Way of Horus coastal and Sinai forts. 13th century BC Tharu castle. 13th century BC Boto Fort (by Seti I), (Qatia area), Sinai. 13th century BC Tel Habwa Fort (by Seti I), (Qantara area), Sinai 13th century BC Tel Kadwa Fort, Sinai 13th century BC Tel Al Hebr Fort, Sinai 13th century BC Kharouba Fort, Sinai 13th century BC Baer Al-Abd Fort, Sinai Unknown time Pharonic El Tina castle, Beer Al Abd, North Sinai Circa 100 BC Ptolemaic Fort of Tal Abou Sayfi, South of Qantara Sharq city. 200 AD Roman Fort of Tal Abou Sayfi, South of Qantara Sharq city (by Emperor Maximinus Thrax). Unknown time Roman Lahfen castle near Al-Arish. Saint Catherine's Monastery fortification, Mount Sinai, Sinai Peninsula. 640 AD Farma (Pelusium) citadel. 7th century AD Justinian's Strasini Fort, Tel Felosiyia, near Pelusium. 7th century AD Garha Roman fort, on Bardawil lake, North Sinai. Unknown time Byzantine fort, qaseema, Hosna, Middle Sinai. Unknown time Al-Mohammadyia Arabic Fort, Beer Al Abd, North Sinai. 1115 AD Al-Soubak Fort (by Baldwin), Wadi Araba. 1116 AD Aiyla fort (by Baldwin), Aiyla city, Aqaba bay. 1116 AD Pharaoh Island Fort (by Baldwin), Aqaba bay. 1117 AD Wadi Musa fort (by Baldwin). 1181 AD Aiyla Island Castle (by Ayyobids). 1182 AD Salah El-Din castle Sedr, Sinai. 1184 AD Qalaat Al-Gindi (by Saladin), Ras Sedr, Sinai. 1184 AD Salah El-Din castle, Taba (Pharaoh Island), Sinai. 1516 AD Al-Arish citadel (by Al-Ashraf Qansuh al-Ghawri). 1516 AD Al-Baghla fort (by Al-Ashraf Qansuh al-Ghawri). 1516 AD Naqab Al-Aqaba Fort(by Al-Ashraf Qansuh al-Ghawri). 1516 AD An-Nakhl Fortress (by Al-Ashraf Qansuh al-Ghawri). 1799 AD Qatiyah Fort, West of sinai (by General Lograng of Napoleon Army). 1799 Siege of El Arish Castle 1893 Nuweiba Castle. 1910s Turkish Fortifications at Hosna, middle Sinai. 1910s Turkish Fortifications at Al-Arish Castle, North Sinai. 1910s Turkish Fortifications at Nekhel, Sinai. 1910s Turkish Fortifications at Salah El Din Castle, South Sinai. 1960s and 1970s Egyptian defensive fortifications built by Egyptian armed forces during the War of Attrition on the Western bank of Suez Canal, and the Bar Lev Line of fortifications built on Eastern side of Suez Canal by Israel. 1990s Touristic Castle Zaman, Sinai Unknown time Ain al Qudairat Fort, Hosna, North Sinai.

List of Egyptian castles, forts, fortifications and city walls

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