Nielson is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Howard C. Nielson (1924–2020), American politician from Utah; U.S. Representative 1983–91
Niel Nielson (born 1954), American academic; president of Covenant College, Georgia, United States Poul Nielson (born 1943), Danish politician and government minister Nielson (singer) (born 1989), Dutch singer-songwriter
See also Neilson (disambiguation) Nielsen (disambiguation) Neilsen (disambiguation) Nilsen