Allenypterus is an extinct genus of coelacanths. Fossils have been discovered in Bear Gulch Limestone, Montana, USA, which dates to the Serpukhovian stage of the late Early Carboniferous (Mississippian). Its caudal fin morphology is highly unusual among coelacanths, with the caudal (tail) fin rays being short and extending far forwards along the body which is suggested to be an adaptation to very slow undulatory movement, similar to living notopterid and gymnotid fish and that it probably lived in weedy, sheltered environments. Its small teeth and small gape suggesting that it consumed small, slow moving soft bodied prey.Lund WL, Lund R, Klein G. Coelacanth feeding mechanisms and ecology of the Bear Gulch coelacanths. Compte Rendus du Neuvième Congrès International sur la Stratigraphie et la Géologie du Carbonifère. 1985;5:492–500. It lived alongside other coelacanths, including Caridosuctor, Polyosteorhynchus, Lochmocercus, and Hadronector.
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Allenypterus montanus at The Fossil Mall site Allenypterus at The Palaeos site