Matterson is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Donald Matterson (1953/1954 – 1972), American bank robber Frank Matterson (1904–1980), Australian rugby player Garth John Matterson, for whom Matterson Inlet was named Neil Matterson (rower) (d. 1933), Australian professional sculler Ryan Matterson (b. 1994), Australian rugby player Terry Matterson (born 1967 in Auburn, New South Wales), Australian rugby league football coach and player