Daiches is a Scottish surname, originating in Eastern Europe. Notable people with the surname include:
David Daiches (1912–2005), Scottish literary historian and literary critic Jenni Calder (née Daiches) (born 1941), Scottish literary historian, daughter of David Daiches Lionel Daiches (1911–1999), Scottish politician, brother of David Daiches, Salis Daiches (1880–1945), Lithuanian-Scottish rabbi, father of David and Lionel Daiches