Ryazanov () is a Russian male surname. Its feminine counterpart is Ryazanova. It may be variously transliterated as Riazanov, Ryazanoff, etc. Notable people with the surname include:

Ryazanov/Ryazanova Alexander Ryazanov (born 1953), businessman and politician Aleksey Ryazanov (pilot) (1920–1992), Soviet WWII flying ace David Ryazanov (1870–1938), Marxist scholar Eldar Ryazanov (1927–2015), film director Irina Ryazanova Mikhail Ryazanov (born 1986), Russian ice hockey player Pyotr Ryazanov (1899–1942), composer and teacher Raisa Ryazanova (born 1944), Russian actress Yuri Ryazanov (1987–2009), gymnast Yuri Ryazanov (politician) (born 1970), Russian businessman and politician

Other transliterations David Riazanov (1870-1938), Russian revolutionary, historian, bibliographer and archivist Daria Riazanova (born 2000), Russian weightlifter Ekaterina Riazanova (born 1991), Russian former competitive ice dancer Vera Sell-Ryazanoff (born 1951), Russian-German painter and philosopher

See also 4258 Ryazanov, an asteroid

References