ISO 9

ISO 9 is an international standard establishing a system for the transliteration into Latin characters of Cyrillic characters constituting the alphabets of many Slavic and non-Slavic languages.

Published on February 23, 1995 by the International Organization for Standardization, the major advantage ISO 9 has over other competing systems is its univocal system of one character for one character equivalents (by the use of diacritics), which faithfully represents the original spelling and allows for reverse transliteration, even if the language is unknown.

Earlier versions of the standard, ISO/R 9:1954, ISO/R 9:1968 and ISO 9:1986, were more closely based on the international scholarly system for linguistics (scientific transliteration), but have diverged in favour of unambiguous transliteration over phonemic representation. The edition of 1995 supersedes the edition of 1986.

ISO 9:1995 The standard features three mapping tables: the first covers contemporary Slavic languages, the second older Slavic orthographies (excluding letters from the first), and the third non-Slavic languages (including most letters from the first). Several Cyrillic characters included in ISO 9 are not available as pre-composed characters in Unicode, nor are some of the transliterations; combining diacritical marks have to be used in these cases. Unicode, on the other hand, includes some historic characters that are not dealt with in ISO 9.

Transliteration table The following combined table shows characters for various Slavic, Iranian, Romance, Turkic, Uralic, Mongolic, Caucasian, Tungusic, Paleosiberian and other languages of the former USSR which are written in Cyrillic.

+ ISO 9:1995 Cyrillic LatinCharChar Unicode DescriptionАаAa ӒӓÄä00C400E4 a diaeresisӒ̄ӓ̄Ạ̈ạ̈00C4+032300E4+0323 a diaeresis and dot belowӐӑĂă01020103 a breveА̄а̄Āā01000101 a macronӔӕÆæ00C600E6 ae ligatureА́а́Áá00C100E1 a acuteА̊а̊Åå00C500E5 a ringБбBb ВвVv ГгGg ҐґG̀g̀0047+03000067+0300g graveЃѓǴǵ01F401F5 g acuteҒғĠġ01200121 g dotҔҕĞğ011E011F g breveҺһḤḥ1E241E25 h dotДдDd ЂђĐđ01100111 d strokeЕеEe ӖӗĔĕ01140115 e breveЁёËë00CB00EB e diaeresisЄєÊê00CA00EA e circumflexЖжŽž017D017E z caronҖҗŽ̦ž̦017D+0326017E+0326 z caron and comma belowŽ̧ž̧017D+0327017E+0327 z caron and cedillaӜӝZ̄z̄005A+0304007A+0304 z macronӁӂZ̆z̆005A+0306007A+0306 z breveЗзZz ӞӟZ̈z̈005A+0308007A+0308 z diaeresisӠӡŹź0179017A z acuteЅѕẐẑ1E901E91 z circumflexИиIi ӢӣĪī012A012B i macronИ́и́Íí00CD00ED i acuteӤӥÎî00CE00EE i circumflexЙйJj ІіÌì00CC00EC i graveЇїÏï00CF00EF i diaeresisІ̄і̄Ǐǐ01CF01D0 i caronІ̆і̆Ĭĭ012C012D i breveЈјJ̌ǰ004A+030C01F0 j caronЈ́ј́J́j́004A+0301006A+0301 j acuteКкKk ЌќḰḱ1E301E31 k acuteӃӄḲḳ1E321E33 k dot belowҜҝK̂k̂004B+0302006B+0302 k circumflexҠҡǨǩ01E801E9 k caronҞҟK̄k̄004B+0304006B+0304 k macronҚқK̦k̦004B+0326006B+0326 k comma belowĶķ01360137 k cedillaК̨к̨K̀k̀004B+0300006B+0300 k graveԚԛQq ЛлLl ЉљL̂l̂004C+0302006C+0302 l circumflexԠԡL̦l̦004C+0326006C+0326 l comma belowĻļ013B013C l cedillaМмMm НнNn ЊњN̂n̂004E+0302006E+0302 n circumflexҢңN̦n̦004E+0326006E+0326 n comma belowŅņ01450146 n cedillaӉӊṆṇ1E461E47 n dot belowҤҥṄṅ1E441E45 n dotԊԋǸǹ01F801F9 n graveԢԣŃń01430144 n acuteӇӈŇň01470148 n caronН̄н̄N̄n̄004E+0304006E+0304 n macronОоOo ӦӧÖö00D600F6 o diaeresisӨөÔô00D400F4 o circumflexӪӫŐő01500151 o double acuteӦ̄ӧ̄Ọ̈ọ̈00D6+032300F6+0323 o diaeresis and dot belowҨҩÒò00D200F2 o graveО́о́Óó00D300F3 o acuteО̄о̄Ōō014C014D o macronŒœŒœ01520153 oe ligatureПпPp ҦҧṔṕ1E541E55 p acuteԤԥP̀p̀0050+03000070+0300 p graveРрRr СсSs ҪҫȘș02180219 s comma belowŞş015E015F s cedillaС̀с̀S̀s̀0053+03000073+0300 s graveТтTt ЋћĆć01060107 c acuteԎԏT̀t̀0054+03000074+0300 t graveТ̌т̌Ťť01640165 t caronҬҭȚț021A021B t comma belowŢţ01620163 t cedillaУуUu ӰӱÜü00DC00FC u diaeresisӮӯŪū016A016B u macronЎўŬŭ016C016D u breveӲӳŰű01700171 u double acuteУ̊у̊Ůů016E016F u ringУ́у́Úú00DA00FA u acuteӰ̄ӱ̄Ụ̈ụ̈00DC+032300FC+0323 u diaeresis and dot belowỤ̄ụ̄016A+0323016B+0323 u macron and dot belowҮүÙù00D900F9 u graveҰұU̇u̇0055+03070075+0307 u dotԜԝWw ФфFf ХхHh ҲҳH̦h̦0048+03260068+0326 h comma belowḨḩ1E281E29 h cedillaЦцCc ҴҵC̄c̄0043+03040063+0304 c macronЏџD̂d̂0044+03020064+0302 d circumflexЧчČč010C010D c caronҶҷC̦c̦0043+03260063+0326 c comma belowÇç00C700E7 c cedillaӋӌC̣c̣0043+03230063+0323 c dot belowӴӵC̈c̈0043+03080063+0308 c diaeresisҸҹĈĉ01080109 c circumflexЧ̀ч̀C̀c̀0043+03000063+0300 c graveҼҽC̆c̆0043+03060063+0306 c breveҾҿC̦̆c̦̆0043+0326+03060063+0326+0306 c comma below and breveÇ̆ç̆00C7+030600E7+0306 c cedilla and breveШшŠš01600161 s caronЩщŜŝ015C015D s circumflexЪъ02BA modifier letter double primeЫыYy ӸӹŸÿ017800FF y diaeresisЫ̄ы̄Ȳȳ02320233 y macronЬь02B9 modifier letter primeЭэÈè00C800E8 e graveӘәA̋a̋0041+030B0061+030B a double acute ӚӛÀà00C000E0 a graveЮюÛû00DB00FB u circumflexЮ̄ю̄Û̄û̄00DB+030400FB+0304 u circumflex and macronЯяÂâ00C200E2 a circumflexѢѣĚě011A011B e caronѪѫǍǎ01CD01CE a caronѲѳF̀f̀0046+03000066+0300 f grave ѴѵỲỳ1EF21EF3 y graveӀ‡2021 double dagger 02BC modifier apostropheˮ ˮ 02EE modifier double apostrophe

National adoptions Date Region Name Descriptive name 1995-06-01 France NF ISO 9:1995-06-01 Information et documentation - Translittération des caractères cyrilliques en caractères latins - Langues slaves et non slaves. 1995-09-29 Sweden SS-ISO 9 Translitterering av kyrilliska bokstäver till latinska - Slaviska och icke-slaviska språk 1997 Romania SR ISO 9:1997 Informare și documentare. Transliterarea caracterelor chirilice în caractere latine. Limbi slave și neslave 1997-12-15 Croatia HRN ISO 9:1997 Informacije i dokumentacija – Transliteracija ćiriličnih u latinične znakove za slavenske i neslavenske jezike (ISO 9:1995) 2000 Poland PN-ISO 9:2000 Informacja i dokumentacja. Transliteracja znaków cyrylickich na znaki łacińskie — Języki słowiańskie i niesłowiańskie 2002 Lithuania LST ISO 9:2002 Informacija ir dokumentai. Kirilicos rašmenų transliteravimas lotyniškais rašmenimis. Slavų ir ne slavų kalbos 2002-07-01 Russia GOST 7.79-2000 System A Система стандартов по информации, библиотечному и издательскому делу. Правила транслитерации кирилловского письма латинским алфавитом 2002-10 Czechia ČSN ISO 9 (010185) Informace a dokumentace - Transliterace cyrilice do latinky - slovanské a neslovanské jazyky 2005-03-01 Italy UNI ISO 9:2005 Informazione e documentazione - Traslitterazione dei caratteri cirillici in caratteri latini - Linguaggi slavi e non slavi 2005-11-01 Slovenia SIST ISO 9:2005 Informatika in dokumentacija – Transliteracija ciriličnih znakov v latinične znake – Slovanski in neslovanski jeziki 2011 Estonia EVS-ISO 9:2011 Informatsioon ja dokumentatsioon. Kirillitsa translitereerimine ladina keelde. Slaavi ja mitte-slaavi keeled 2013 GCC: Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates GSO ISO 9:2013

Sample text

The following text is a fragment of the Preamble of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in Bulgarian:

ISO/R 9

ISO Recommendation No. 9, published 1954 and revised 1968, is an older version of the standard, with different transliteration for different Slavic languages, reflecting their phonemic differences. It is closer to the original international system of Slavist scientific transliteration.

A German adaptation of this standard was published by the Deutsches Institut für Normung as DIN 1460 (1982) for Slavic languages and supplemented by DIN 1460-2 (2010) for non-Slavic languages.

The languages covered are Russian (RU), Belarusian (BE), Ukrainian (UK), Bulgarian (BG), Serbo-Croatian (SH) and Macedonian (MK). For comparison, ISO 9:1995 is shown in the table below.

Alternative schemes: ISO/R 9:1968 permits some deviations from the main standard. In the table below, they are listed in the columns alternative 1 and alternative 2. The first sub-standard defines some language-dependent transliterations for Russian (RU), Ukrainian (UK), Belarusian (BE) and Bulgarian (BG). The second sub-standard permits, in countries where tradition favours it, a set of alternative transliterations, but only as a group. It is identical to the British Standard 2979:1958 for Cyrillic romanization.

+ ISO/R 9:1954, ISO/R 9:1968 and ISO 9:1995 Cyrillic 1954 1995 Usage per language base RU BE UK BG SH MK А а A a A acolspan=6 Б б B b B bcolspan=6 В в V v V vcolspan=6 Г г G g G g G g colspan=2 colspan=3 Ґ ґ Ġ ġ G̀ g̀colspan=2 colspan=3 Д д D d D dcolspan=6 Ѓ ѓ Ǵ ǵ Ǵ ǵcolspan=5 Ђ ђ Đ đ Đ đcolspan=4 Е е E e E ecolspan=6 Ё ё Ë ë Ë ëcolspan=2 colspan=4 Є є Je je Ê êcolspan=2 colspan=3 Ж ж Ž ž Ž žcolspan=6 З з Z z Z zcolspan=6 Ѕ ѕ Dz dz Ẑ ẑcolspan=5 И и , I i I i colspan=3 I і I i Ī ī Ì ì colspan=2 colspan=3 Ї ї Ji ji Ï ï Ï ïcolspan=2 colspan=3 Й й J j Ĭ ĭ J jcolspan=4 colspan=2 Ј ј J j Ĵ ĵ Y y J̌ ǰcolspan=4 colspan=2 К к K k K kcolspan=6 Л л L l L lcolspan=6 Љ љ Lj lj Ĺ ĺ L̂ l̂colspan=4 colspan=2 М м M m M mcolspan=6 Н н N n N ncolspan=6 Њ њ Nj nj Ń ń N̂ n̂colspan=4 colspan=2 О о O o O ocolspan=6 П п P p P pcolspan=6 Р р R r R rcolspan=6 С с S s S scolspan=6 Т т T t T tcolspan=6 Ќ ќ Ḱ ḱ Ḱ ḱcolspan=5 Ћ ћ Ć ć Ć ćcolspan=4 У у U u U ucolspan=6 Ў ў Ŭ ŭ Ŭ ŭ colspan=4 Ф ф F f F fcolspan=6 Х х H h H hcolspan=3 colspan=3 Ц ц C c C ccolspan=6 Ч ч Č č Č čcolspan=6 Џ џ Dž dž D̂ d̂colspan=4 colspan=2 Ш ш Š š Š šcolspan=6 Щ щ , Ŝ ŝ colspan=2 Ъ ъ , " ʺ ʺ In Russian and Belarusian, ъ is not transliterated at the end of a word (where it occurred in the pre-1918 orthography). colspan=2 In Bulgarian, ъ and ѫ are not transliterated at the end of a word (where it occurred in the pre-1945 orthography). colspan=2 Ы ы Y y Y ycolspan=2 colspan=4 Ь ь ʹ ʹcolspan=4 colspan=2 Ѣ ѣ Ě ě Ě ěcolspan=4 colspan=2 Э э E̊ e̊ È ècolspan=2 colspan=4 Ю ю Ju ju Û ûcolspan=4 colspan=2 Я я Ja ja Â âcolspan=4 colspan=2 ’ ", ’ ″ ’ colspan=2 colspan=2 Ѫ ѫ Ȧ ȧ ʺ̣ Ȧ ȧ Ǎ ǎcolspan=3 colspan=2 Ѳ ѳ Ḟ ḟ F̀ f̀ colspan=5 Ѵ ѵ Ẏ ẏ Ỳ ỳ colspan=5

ISO 9

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