The SDI engine is a design of naturally aspirated (NA) direct injection diesel engine developed and produced by Volkswagen Group for use in cars and vans, along with marine engine (Volkswagen Marine) and Volkswagen Industrial Motor applications.
The SDI brand name (derived from "Suction Diesel Injection" or "Suction Diesel Direct Injection", the latter a literal translation of the ) was adopted in order to differentiate between earlier and less efficient indirect injection engines, called SD or "Suction Diesel", which were also produced by Volkswagen Group.
SDI engines are only produced in inline or straight engine configurations; and as they originate from a German manufacture, are designated as either R4 or R5, taken from the . They are available in various displacements (from 1.7 to 2.5 litres), in inline-four (R4 or I4) and inline-five (R5 or I5), in various states of tune, depending on intended application.
The SDI engine is generally utilised in applications where reliability and fuel economy are of primary concern. These engines lack any type of forced induction, hence the use of 'suction' in the title, and their power output is lower than a turbocharged engine of similar displacement. For example, the 2.0 SDI engine fitted to the Volkswagen Golf Mk5 has a peak power output of ; whereas the same engine in Turbocharged Direct Injection (TDI) form is rated at or , depending on specifications.
SDI engines and applications +SDI engines: specifications, performance and applicationsmodeldesignationor ID code(s)enginedisplacementpeak powerat rpm (Directive 80/1269/EEC)max. torqueat rpmnotabledesign featuresnotes & application(s)automotive engines1.7 SDIAHB, AHG, AKU, AKW @ 4,200@ 2,200Bosch VP37 () electronic distributor injection pumpVolkswagen Lupo, SEAT Arosa, Volkswagen Polo (some markets), Volkswagen Caddy Typ 9K1.9 SDIASY, AEY, AGD @ 4,200@ 1,600-2,800Bosch VP37 (VerteilerPumpe) electronic distributor injection pumpVolkswagen Polo Mk3, Volkswagen Polo Classic, Volkswagen Golf Mk3, Volkswagen Caddy Typ 9U/9K, SEAT Inca, Škoda Octavia (Mk1), Škoda Fabia, Volkswagen Bora (some markets), Volkswagen Jetta King, Volkswagen Jetta Pioneer1.9 SDIAGP, AQM @ 4,000@ 1,800Bosch VP37 (VerteilerPumpe) electronic distributor injection pumpVolkswagen Polo Mk3, Volkswagen Golf Mk4, Volkswagen Caddy Typ 9U/9K, SEAT Ibiza, SEAT Inca, SEAT León Mk1 (1M), Škoda Octavia (Mk1) Volkswagen Bora (some markets)BDJ, BST @ 4,200@ 2,200-2,400Bosch Pumpe DüsetechnologyVolkswagen Caddy Typ 2KBDK @ 4,200@ 2,200-2,400Bosch Pumpe DüsetechnologyVolkswagen Golf Mk5AGXInline-five engine, Bosch VP37 (VerteilerPumpe) electronic distributor injection pumpVolkswagen LT28 and LT35 vans (05/96-04/01)marine engines1.9 SDISDI 40–4,SDI 50–4,SDI 60-4 @ 3,000 / @ 3,600 @ 2,000 / @ 2,000Bosch VP37 (VerteilerPumpe) electronic distributor injection pumpSmall motor cruisers. Optional connection for heater core or hot water preparation for use in sailboatsSDI 55–5,SDI 75-5 @ 3,600@ 2,250Inline-five engine, Bosch VP37 (VerteilerPumpe) electronic distributor injection pumpYachts and motor cruisersindustrial engines (80/1269/EEC-rated)1.9 SDI430/BXT Bosch VP37 (VerteilerPumpe) electronic distributor injection pumpVolkswagen Industrial Motor1.9 SDI444 @ 3,600@ 2,200Bosch VP37 (VerteilerPumpe) electronic distributor injection pumpVolkswagen Industrial Motor Notes: Volkswagen Marine engines were originally rated according to Directive 80/1269/ EEC. However, some are now being rated to ISO 8178-4.
Lubricants Like their related Volkswagen Group Turbocharged Direct Injection diesel engines, Volkswagen AG requires that motor oil lubricants for SDI engines must conform to one of the officially approved standards VW505.00, 505.01, 506.00, 506.01, or 507.00. 'Generic' oil standards such as the American Petroleum Institute 'API', or European Automobile Manufacturers Association 'ACEA' are not in themselves recognised or approved by VW, although such an oil may also conform to one of the specific VW standards.
Many formulations of motor oils from most brands are now "VW Approved" to the above standards. However some unapproved 'off brands' print the VW number on the label, implying that they meet the said standard, but hide in small type the word "recommended". Only Volkswagen AG can grant the necessary approvals, following in-house testing. Volkswagen Germany (and Volkswagen of America) publish up-to-date lists of currently approved oils on their respective websites, along with the technical resource, erWin.
All SDI-engined models with "LongLife Servicing", "Extended Service Intervals", "ESI", or "WIV", must be lubricated by official 'LongLife' lubricants, namely VW506.00 (for non-PD), VW506.01 (for PD), or VW507.00. According to VW 'generic' longlife lubricants, or those certified by other manufacturers such as General Motors, BMW or Mercedes-Benz should not be used.
SDI vs other VW Group diesel engines The following table contains a selection of current and historical Volkswagen Group compression-ignition SDI diesel engines for comparison of performance and operating characteristics with other naturally aspirated and forced induction engines of the same capacity:
enginemodelenginedisplacementengine configuration& diesel fuel systemvalvetrainmax.power:kW(PS)rpmformax.powermax.torque:Nm(ft·lbf]rpmformax.torquespecificpower:kW/L(PS/L)maxMEP:barMEP @max.power:barmaxoperatingrevs:rpmdatesinstalledinline 4, indirect injectionmechanical distributor injection pump8vSOHC35(48)4,50082(60)2,700 – 3,50025.2(34.5) 5,000 Polo 2, 2Flate 1980s -early 1990sinline 3, turbo direct injectionmechanically pressurised, electrically triggered pumpe-duse unit injectors12vSOHC59(80)4,000195(144)2,20041.5(56.3) Polo Bluemotion, first generation2006 -2010inline 4, indirect injectionmechanical distributor injection pump8vSOHC42(57)4,500103(76)2,80024.5(33.2) 10/1986-05/1992inline 4, direct injectionelectronic distributor injection pump8vSOHC44(60)4,200115(85)2,20025.6(35.0) 07/1996-07/2005inline 4, indirect injectionmechanical distributor injection pump8vSOHC47(64)4,300124(91)2,500-3,20024.8(33.8) inline 4, indirect injectionelectronic distributor injection pump8vSOHC36(49)3,000121(89)1,80019.0(25.8) current(Industrial)inline 4, direct injectionelectronic distributor injection pump8vSOHC50(68)4,000133(98)1,80026.4(35.9) currentinline 4, indirect injectionmechanical distributor injection pump8vSOHC55(75)4,200150(111)2,00029.0(39.6) inline 4, direct injectionelectronic distributor injection pump8vSOHC66(90)3,750210(155)1,90034.8(47.5) inline 4, direct injectionPumpe Düse (PD) Unit Injector8vSOHC96(131)4,000310(229)1,90050.6(69.1) currentinline 4, direct injectionPumpe Düse (PD) Unit Injector8vSOHC55(75)4,200140(103)2,40027.9(38.1) current140 PSinline 4, direct injectionPumpe Düse (PD) Unit Injector8vSOHC103(140)4,000320(236)1,80052.3(71.1)20.4315.70 current170 PSinline 4, direct injectionPumpe Düse (PD) Unit Injector16vDOHC125(170)4,200350(258)1,800-2,50063.5(86.4) current170 PSinline 4, direct injectioncommon rail (CR)16vDOHC125(170)4,200350(258)1,750-2,50063.5(86.4) current75 PSinline 5, direct injectionelectronic distributor injection pump10vSOHC55(75)3,600155(114)2,25022.3(30.5) 02/2002-current163 PSinline 5, direct injectioncommon rail (CR)10vSOHC120(163)3,500350(258)2,00048.8(66.3) current174 PSinline 5, direct injectionPumpe Düse (PD) Unit Injector10vSOHC128(174)3,500400(295)2,00052.0(70.7)20.4317.84 currentenginemodelenginedisplacementengine configuration& diesel fuel systemvalvetrainmax.power:kW(PS)rpmformax.powermax.torque:Nm(ft·lbf)rpmformax.torquespecificpower:kW/L(PS/L)maxMEP:barMEP @max.power:barmaxoperatingrpmdatesinstalled
References
External links VolkswagenAG.com – Volkswagen Group corporate website Polkowice (Poland) Plant Sustainability site – engine plant