James Madison (1751–1836) was a Founding Father of the United States and served as its fourth president from 1809 to 1817.

James Madison may also refer to:

James Madison Sr. (1723–1801), American farmer and entrepreneur James Madison (bishop) (1749–1812), American bishop James Madison (Medal of Honor) (1842–1926), United States Army sergeant and Medal of Honor recipient James Jonas Madison (1884–1922), American sailor & Medal of Honor recipient James Madison (born 1956/57), American bank robber a.k.a. the Mad Hatter James Madison (musician) (1935–2008), known as James "Pee Wee" Madison, the blues guitar player in Muddy Waters' band James Madison (writer) (1872–1943), American writer and publisher of Madison's Budget James S. Madison (1846–1892), Mississippi politician James H. Madison, American writer

See also James Maddison (born 1996), English footballer James Madison University, a university located in Harrisonburg, Virginia James Madison Dukes, the university's athletic program Jimmy Madison (disambiguation) USS James Madison, several ships