Aronson is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Billy Aronson, American playwright Boris Aronson (1898–1980), American artist and set designer Chaim Aronson (1825–1893), Lithuanian inventor and memoirist in Tsarist Russia Donald Aronson (1929–2019), American mathematician Doug Aronson (born 1964), American football player Elliot Aronson, American psychologist Eva Aronson (1908–1999), American chess master Irene Aronson (1918–1992), American painter and printmaker J. Hugo Aronson (1891–1978), American politician James Aronson (1915–1988), American journalist Jan Aronson, American artist Jason Aronson, American psychologist and founder of Jason Aronson publishing Joshua Aronson, American psychologist Judie Aronson, American actress Letty Aronson, American film producer, sister of Woody Allen Marita Aronson, Swedish politician Max Aronson, birth name of American film actor Broncho Billy Anderson (1880–1971) Naoum Aronson (1874–1943), Russian-born sculptor who worked mostly in France Raney Aronson-Rath, American documentary filmmaker and television producer Rudolph Aronson (1856–1919), American composer Sam Aronson (1942–2026), American physicist Shlomo Aronson (disambiguation), multiple people Stanisław Aronson, Polish and Israeli army officer Stina Aronson (1892–1956), Swedish writer Theo Aronson (1929–2003), South Africa-born biographer of English royals
See also Aaronson