Mary Butler may refer to:
Lady Mary Butler (1689–1713), Irish-born English baroness; second daughter of the 2nd Duke of Ormonde Mary Anne Butler, Australian playwright Mary Butler, Duchess of Ormonde (1664–1733), Irish duchess Mary Butler Duncan Dana, American wife of journalist and editor Paul Dana Mary Butler Lewis (1903–1970), American anthropologist and archeologist Mary Butler (politician) (born 1963), Irish politician Mary E.L. Butler (1874–1920), Irish writer and Irish-language activist Mary Hawkins Butler (born 1953), American mayor of Madison, Mississippi Mary Joseph Butler (1641–1723), Irish abbess Lady Mary Fitzwilliam (née Butler) (1846–1929), British aristocrat and courtier