List of states and union territories of India by fertility rate

This is a list of the states and union territories of India ranked in order of number of children born for each woman.

Recent surveys show that in majority of Indian states, Total fertility rate has fallen well below the replacement level of 2.1 and the country is fast approaching the replacement level itself. The total fertility rate of India in 2017 stood at 2.2.Table in Fourth National Family Health Survey of TFR, Department of Health and Family Welfare, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India Due to the large population, poverty and strain on resources, the Indian government initiated population control efforts to decrease birth rate with the current target being at 2.1 children per woman. According to data from National Family Health Survey, India's total fertility rate dropped below the replacement level of around 2.1, and currently stands at 1.9.

Indian states by fertility rate Fertility Rate as per National Family Health Survey (NFHS-6), 2023-24. Rank State TFR (Total) Urban Rural 1 Sikkim 1.0 0.7 1.1 2 Ladakh 1.6 1.7 1.6 3 Goa 1.6 1.4 1.8 4 Chandigarh 1.8 1.8 N/A 5 Lakshadweep 2.2 1.9 2.7 6 Jammu & Kashmir 1.8 1.5 1.9 7 Delhi 1.6 1.6 1.7 8 West Bengal 1.6 1.3 1.7 9 Punjab 1.6 1.6 1.7 10 Maharashtra 1.8 1.6 1.9 11 Himachal Pradesh 1.8 1.4 1.9 12 Andhra Pradesh 1.8 1.6 2.0 13 Karnataka 1.8 1.7 1.8 14 Nagaland 2.0 1.4 2.4 15 Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu 1.7 1.5 1.9 16 Tripura 1.7 1.1 1.8 17 Kerala 1.8 1.8 1.9 18 Odisha 1.7 1.5 1.8 19 Tamil Nadu 1.7 1.6 1.8 20 Telangana 1.9 1.7 1.9 21 Manipur NA NA NA 22 Mizoram 1.6 1.5 1.7 23 Gujarat 1.9 1.7 2.0 24 Assam 1.6 1.2 1.7 25 Rajasthan 2.1 1.7 2.2 26 Haryana 2.0 1.8 2.1 27 Arunachal Pradesh 1.5 1.4 1.5 28 Chhattisgarh 1.9 1.5 2.0 29 Andaman and Nicobar Islands 0.9 0.8 0.9 30 Madhya Pradesh 2.1 1.7 2.3 31 Jharkhand 2.2 1.5 2.4 32 Uttar Pradesh 2.2 1.8 2.3 33 Meghalaya 2.2 1.3 2.4 34 Bihar 2.7 2.1 2.835Uttarakhand1.91.52.036Puducherry1.61.51.8

Indian States and UTs fertility rate by Education level + Fertility Rate by Education level across States and UTs (2019)Demographic and Health Surveys Program (DHS) State No Schooling <5 Years Complete 5-9 Years Complete 10-11 Years Complete 12 or More Years Complete Manipur 3.23 2.47 2.46 2.12 1.89 Mizoram 2.51 2.14 2.11 1.73 1.48 Arunachal Pradesh 2.54 2.13 2.13 1.72 1.49 Tripura 2.62 2.03 1.78 2.03 1.51 Assam 2.31 2.41 2.03 1.74 1.51 Sikkim 1.18 2.04 1.36 1.31 0.92 Meghalaya 4.48 5.07 3.02 1.88 1.67 Himachal Pradesh 3.32 2.57 2.13 2.01 1.63 Uttarakhand 2.61 2.79 2.04 1.91 1.72 Haryana 3.11 2.83 2.14 1.83 1.71 Punjab 2.47 2.52 2.03 1.92 1.54 Rajasthan 2.79 2.48 2.13 2.04 1.68 Delhi (UT) 2.76 3.12 2.05 1.53 1.52 Uttar Pradesh 3.01 2.73 2.62 2.19 2.04 Chhattisgarh 2.29 2.21 2.04 2.03 1.58 Madhya Pradesh 2.71 2.15 2.18 1.72 1.65 Gujarat 2.81 2.24 2.03 1.89 1.54 Maharashtra 2.34 2.17 2.11 1.84 1.63 Goa 1.46 0.88 2.02 1.39 1.27 Kerala 0.43 1.83 1.78 1.91 1.87 Tamil Nadu 1.82 1.64 1.93 1.91 2.02 Karnataka 2.14 2.23 1.91 1.82 1.77 Telangana 2.12 1.93 1.91 1.91 2.01 Andhra Pradesh 1.82 1.92 2.02 1.94 1.91 Jharkhand 2.83 2.81 2.28 2.21 1.87 Bihar 3.83 3.47 3.01 2.41 2.17 West Bengal 2.19 1.91 1.91 1.71 1.42 Odisha 2.42 2.14 1.92 1.87 1.67 Fertility Rate by Religious Adherence across States and UTs

The following table highlights the fertility rates across various religions and states/union territories in India, based on available data from 2019.

+ Fertility Rate by Religion across States and UTs (2019)Demographic and Health Surveys Program (DHS) State/UT Hindu Women Christian Women Muslim Women Sikh Women Jain Women Buddhist/Neo-Buddhist Women Other Religions Women Andhra Pradesh 1.69 1.89 2.17 - - - - Arunachal Pradesh 1.71 2.01 1.72 - - 1.58 - Assam 1.62 1.51 2.42 - - - - Bihar 2.89 - 3.58 - - - - Chhattisgarh 1.81 2.14 1.77 - - - 2.18 Delhi 1.63 - 2.04 0.91 - - - Goa 1.52 1.02 1.21 - - - - Gujarat 1.85 1.91 2.13 - - - - Haryana 1.84 - 3.87 - - - - Himachal Pradesh 1.58 - 1.63 1.73 - 1.39 - Jharkhand 2.19 1.91 2.69 - - - - Karnataka 1.61 1.53 2.08 - - - - Kerala 1.77 1.02 2.29 - - - - Madhya Pradesh 2.04 - 2.43 - - - - Maharashtra 1.72 - 2.07 - - 1.41 - Manipur 1.77 2.94 2.28 - - - - Meghalaya 0.82 3.18 1.38 - - - 3.91 Odisha 1.78 2.31 1.91 - - - - Punjab 1.63 1.79 2.04 1.57 - - - Rajasthan 2.02 - 2.48 - - - - Tamil Nadu 1.61 1.53 2.11 - - - - Telangana 1.75 1.79 2.03 - - - - Tripura 1.58 2.09 2.08 - - - - Uttar Pradesh 2.31 - 2.72 1.18 - - - Uttarakhand 1.68 - 2.49 - - - - West Bengal 1.52 1.02 2.04 - - - -

Total Fertility Rate in India by Region + Region 1951-1961 1961-1971 1971-1981 1981-1991 NFHS-1 (1992-93) NFHS-2 (1998-99) NFHS-3 (2005-06) NFHS-4 (2015-16) NFHS-5 (2019-21) North India (average) 6.03 5.80 5.20 3.73 3.68 3.28 2.90 2.23 2.00 South India (average) 5.74 5.08 4.00 3.03 2.69 2.29 1.98 1.79 1.83 Western India (average) 5.85 5.53 4.58 3.30 3.18 2.67 2.27 1.96 1.81 East India (average) 6.07 5.85 3.60 3.68 3.13 2.92 2.42 2.05 Central India (average) 6.20 6.00 5.70 4.07 4.18 3.52 3.05 2.72 2.10 Northeast India (average) 5.82 5.63 5.12 4.00 3.46 3.09 2.96 2.34 2.15

Urban and Rural Fertility Rates in India by State/UT (NFHS-5, 2019-21)

Fertility Rates in Urban and Rural Areas of Indian States and Union Territories According to NFHS-5.

Source: National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5), 2019-21. Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India.

State/UT Total Urban Rural Andaman & Nicobar Islands 1.48 1.36 1.6 Andhra Pradesh 1.70 1.62 1.74 Arunachal Pradesh 2.11 1.58 2.24 Assam 1.90 1.57 2.01 Bihar 3.00 2.25 3.19 Chandigarh 1.39 1.39 N/A Chhattisgarh 1.96 1.63 2.08 Dadra & Nagar Haveli and Daman & Diu 1.93 1.80 2.12 Delhi 1.57 1.57 N/A Goa 1.32 1.28 1.41 Gujarat 1.90 1.63 2.15 Haryana 2.00 1.67 2.18 Himachal Pradesh 1.70 1.38 1.75 Jammu & Kashmir 1.40 1.20 1.50 Jharkhand 2.30 1.84 2.42 Karnataka 1.70 1.54 1.81 Kerala 1.80 1.64 1.92 Ladakh 1.30 1.30 1.33 Lakshadweep 1.40 1.40 N/A Madhya Pradesh 2.00 1.62 2.23 Maharashtra 1.68 1.44 1.89 Manipur 2.17 1.85 2.29 Meghalaya 2.91 2.32 3.00 Mizoram 2.07 1.87 2.31 Nagaland 1.71 1.50 1.77 Odisha 1.80 1.54 1.88 Puducherry 1.70 1.47 1.87 Punjab 1.63 1.42 1.74 Rajasthan 2.00 1.73 2.10 Sikkim 1.05 0.98 1.12 Tamil Nadu 1.80 1.65 1.91 Telangana 1.82 1.63 1.95 Tripura 1.77 1.70 1.80 Uttar Pradesh 2.35 2.01 2.47 Uttarakhand 1.90 1.60 2.04 West Bengal 1.60 1.40 1.80

List of states and union territories of India by fertility rate

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