This article documents the literacy rate of states and union territories of the Republic of India. The Indian national census is a key source for literacy data. However, a national census has not been conducted since 2011 in India, thus other data sources have been used since then as a reference.
Recent estimates
+Literacy rates as %age of population aged seven and older State/ Census 2011 NSC survey (2017)PLFS report (2024) Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female India 74.04 82.14 65.46 77.7 84.7 70.380.987.274.6 Andaman and Nicobar Islands 86.63 90.27 82.43 86.27 90.11 81.8491.195.087.0 Andhra Pradesh 67.02 74.88 59.15 66.4 73.4 59.572.678.866.8 Arunachal Pradesh 65.38 72.55 57.70 66.95 73.4 59.5084.288.080.3 Assam 72.19 77.85 66.27 85.9 90.1 81.287.090.383.6 Bihar 61.80 71.20 51.5070.9 79.7 60.574.382.366.1 Chhattisgarh 70.28 80.27 60.24 77.3 85.4 68.778.586.270.6 Chandigarh 86.05 89.99 81.19 86.43 90.54 81.3893.796.490.7 Dadra and Nagar Haveli 76.34 85.17 64.32 77.65 86.46 77.65- - - Daman and Diu 87.10 91.54 79.55 87.07 91.48 87.07- - -Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu- - -- - -87.893.680.7 Delhi 86.21 90.94 80.7688.70 93.70 82.4086.991.681.5 Goa 88.70 92.65 84.66 87.4 92.81 81.8493.697.090.0 Gujarat78.0385.7569.68 82.4 89.5 74.884.691.277.5 Haryana 75.55 84.06 65.94 80.4 88.0 71.384.891.477.4 Himachal Pradesh 82.80 89.53 75.93 86.6 92.9 80.588.894.683.1 Jammu and Kashmir 67.16 76.75 56.43 77.3 85.7 68.082.089.673.8 Jharkhand 66.41 76.84 55.42 74.3 83.0 64.776.782.870.6 Karnataka 75.36 82.47 68.08 77.2 83.4 70.582.788.177.3 Kerala 94.00 96.11 91.07 96.2 97.4 95.295.396.794.0 Lakshadweep 91.85 95.56 87.95 92.28 96.11 88.2597.399.494.8Ladakh- - -- - -81.087.973.1 Madhya Pradesh 69.32 78.73 59.24 73.7 81.2 65.575.283.167.0 Maharashtra 82.34 88.38 75.87 84.8 90.7 78.487.392.781.6 Manipur 76.94 83.58 70.26 79.85 86.49 73.1792.094.489.7 Meghalaya 74.43 75.95 72.89 75.48 77.17 73.7894.295.193.5 Mizoram 91.33 93.35 89.27 99.01 93.72 89.4098.299.297.0 Nagaland 79.55 82.75 76.11 80.11 83.29 80.1195.797.294.1 Odisha 72.87 81.59 64.01 77.3 84.0 70.379.084.973.3 Puducherry 85.85 91.26 80.67 86.55 92.12 86.5592.796.988.8 Punjab 75.84 80.44 70.73 83.7 88.5 78.583.487.079.8 Rajasthan 66.11 79.19 52.12 69.7 80.8 57.675.885.965.8 Sikkim 81.42 86.55 75.61 82.2 87.29 76.4384.789.379.3 Tamil Nadu 80.09 86.77 73.44 82.9 87.9 77.985.590.081.3 Telangana - - - 72.8 80.5 65.176.984.769.4 Tripura 87.22 92.53 82.73 87.75 92.18 83.1593.795.791.6 Uttarakhand 78.82 87.40 70.01 87.6 94.3 80.783.890.477.2 Uttar Pradesh 67.68 77.28 57.18 73.0 81.8 63.478.286.070.4 West Bengal 76.36 81.69 70.54 80.5 84.8 76.182.685.879.3 Administered as a Union territory directly by Union government.
Census + Literacy rate as % of population State/UT 1951 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011 Andaman and Nicobar Islands 30.30 40.07 51.15 63.19 73.02 81.30 86.63 Andhra Pradesh - 21.19 24.57 35.66 44.08 60.47 67.02 Arunachal Pradesh - 7.13 11.29 25.55 41.59 54.34 65.38 Assam 18.53 32.95 33.94 - 52.89 63.25 72.19 Bihar 13.49 21.95 23.17 32.32 37.49 47.00 61.80 Chandigarh - - 70.43 74.80 77.81 81.94 86.05 Chhattisgarh 9.41 18.14 24.08 32.63 42.91 64.66 70.28 Dadra and Nagar Haveli - - 18.13 32.90 40.71 57.63 76.24 Daman and Diu - - - - 71.20 78.18 87.10 Delhi - 61.95 65.08 71.94 75.29 81.67 86.21 Goa 23.48 35.41 51.96 65.71 75.51 82.01 88.70 Gujarat 21.82 31.47 36.95 44.92 61.29 69.14 78.03 Haryana - - 25.71 37.13 55.85 67.91 75.55 Himachal Pradesh - - - - 63.86 76.48 82.80 Jammu and Kashmir - 12.95 21.71 30.64 - 55.52 67.16 Jharkhand 12.93 21.14 23.87 35.03 41.39 53.56 66.41 Karnataka - 29.80 36.83 46.21 56.04 66.06 75.36 Kerala 47.18 55.08 69.75 78.85 89.81 90.86 94.00 Lakshadweep 15.23 27.15 51.76 68.42 81.78 86.66 91.85 Madhya Pradesh 13.16 21.41 27.27 38.63 44.67 63.74 69.32 Maharashtra 27.91 35.08 45.77 57.24 64.87 76.84 82.34 Manipur 12.57 36.04 38.47 49.66 59.89 70.50 76.94 Meghalaya - 26.92 29.49 42.05 49.10 62.56 74.43 Mizoram 31.14 44.01 53.80 59.88 82.26 88.80 91.33 Nagaland 10.52 21.95 33.78 50.28 61.65 66.59 79.55 Odisha 15.80 21.66 26.18 33.62 49.09 63.08 72.87 Puducherry - 43.65 53.38 65.14 74.74 81.24 85.85 Punjab - - 34.12 43.37 58.51 69.65 75.84 Rajasthan 8.5 18.12 22.57 30.11 38.55 60.41 66.11 Sikkim - - 17.74 34.05 56.94 68.81 81.42 Tamil Nadu - 36.39 45.40 54.39 62.66 73.45 80.33 Tripura - 20.24 30.98 50.10 60.44 73.19 87.22 Uttar Pradesh 12.02 20.87 23.99 32.65 40.71 56.27 67.68 Uttarakhand 18.93 18.05 33.26 46.06 57.75 71.62 78.82 West Bengal 24.61 34.46 38.86 48.65 57.70 68.64 76.26 India 18.33 28.30 34.45 43.57 52.21 64.84 74.04
Literacy by social group
By caste
+ Literacy rate % (NSO 2018)Social GroupRuralUrbanTotalMaleFemaleMaleFemaleMaleFemaleScheduled Tribe75.658.891.379.677.561.3Scheduled Caste78.060.988.475.380.363.9Other Backward Class81.764.291.180.584.468.9Others87.674.595.088.690.880.6India81.565.092.282.884.770.3
By religion
ReligionNSO 2018PLFS 2024RuralUrbanTotalRuralUrbanTotalMaleFemaleMaleFemaleMaleFemaleTotalMaleFemaleTotalMaleFemaleTotalMaleFemaleHindu81.864.593.483.885.170.077.384.769.889.793.785.480.887.374.2Muslim77.464.885.875.680.668.877.183.570.983.787.679.679.585.074.0Christian84.477.095.591.488.282.285.888.083.694.595.993.288.990.887.1Sikh92.796.494.295.388.990.180.984.377.390.994.787.183.486.979.8India81.565.092.282.884.770.377.584.770.488.992.984.980.987.274.6
See also Literacy in India Education in India Gender inequality in India
Notes
References
Sources
Further reading