The politics of Shanxi Province in the People's Republic of China is structured in a dual party-government system like all other governing institutions in mainland China.

The Governor of Shanxi (山西省长) is the highest-ranking official in the People's Government of Shanxi. However, in the province's dual party-government governing system, the Governor has less power than the Shanxi Chinese Communist Party (CCP) Provincial Committee Secretary (山西省委书记), colloquially termed the "Shanxi CCP Party Chief".

During the anti-corruption campaign of Xi Jinping, thousands of officials included a dozen at the highest levels of governance in Shanxi were disciplined. This necessitated a scramble to find suitable personnel for many vacated offices.

Chinese Communist Party List of party secretaries

List of governors of Shanxi

List of chairmen of Shanxi People's Congress Ruan Posheng (阮泊生): 1979–1988 Wang Tingdong (王庭栋): 1988–1993 Lu Gongxun (卢功勋): 1993–2003 Tian Chengping (田成平): 2003–2005 Zhang Baoshun (张宝顺): 2006–2010 Yuan Chunqing (袁纯清): 2010–2014 Wang Rulin (王儒林): 2014–2016 Luo Huining (骆惠宁): 2016–2019 Lou Yangsheng (骆惠宁): 2019–2021 Lin Wu (林武): 2021–present

List of chairmen of CPPCC Shanxi Committee Tao Lujia (陶鲁笳): 1955–1965 Wei Heng (卫恒): 1965–1967 Wang Qian (王谦): 1977–1979 Zheng Lin (郑林): 1979–1983 Wu Guangtang (武光汤): 1983–1985 Li Xiuren (李修仁): 1985–1993 Wang Maolin (王茂林): 1993 Hu Fuguo (胡富国): 1994–1995 Guo Yuhuai (郭裕怀): 1995–2000 Tian Chengping (田成平): 2000–2001 Zheng Shekui (郑社奎): 2001–2003 Liu Zemin (刘泽民): 2003–2008 Jin Yinhuan (金银焕): 2008 (died in office) Xue Yanzhong (薛延忠): 2009–2018 Huang Xiaowei (黄晓薇): 2018 Li Jia (李佳): 2018–present

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