42nd Division or 42nd Infantry Division may refer to:
Infantry divisions 42nd Home Guard Infantry Division, Austro-Hungarian Army, World War I 42nd Division (German Empire), Imperial German Army 42nd Jäger Division, Germany 42nd Division (Imperial Japanese Army) 42nd Infantry Division (Russian Empire) 42nd Guards Motor Rifle Division, Soviet Union 42nd Rifle Division, Soviet Union 42nd Division (Spain) 42nd (East Lancashire) Infantry Division, British Army 42nd Infantry Division (United States), United States Army, New York Army National Guard 42nd Infantry Division Murska, Royal Yugoslav Army
Armoured divisions 42nd Guards Tank Division, Soviet Union 42nd Armoured Division (United Kingdom), British Army
Aviation divisions 42nd Air Division, United States Air Force 42nd Aviation Assault Division, Yugoslav Partisans
Other divisions 42nd Rocket Division, Soviet Union
See also List of military divisions by number 42nd Group (disambiguation) 42nd Brigade (disambiguation) 42nd Regiment (disambiguation) 42nd Battalion (disambiguation) 42nd Squadron (disambiguation)