The Luxembourg Socialist Workers' Party (, , ), abbreviated to LSAP or POSL,LSAP is more commonly used, although the French POSL is also mandated by the party's statutes. is a social democratic, pro-European political party in Luxembourg. The LSAP sits on the centre-left of the political spectrum.

The LSAP is the third-largest party in the Chamber of Deputies, having won 11 of 60 seats at the 2023 general election, and has one seat in the European Parliament. Since March 2022, the party's President have been Francine Closener and Dan Biancalana.

The party is close to the Confederation of Independent Trade Unions, the country's largest trade union centre, but they have no formal links.Hearl (1987), p. 255 The LSAP is particularly strong in the south of the country, controlling most of the mayoralties in the large towns of the Red Lands. It was a member of the Socialist International, and is currently a member of the Progressive Alliance and the Party of European Socialists.

History The party was formed on 5 July 1902 as the Social Democratic Party. Left-wing elements split in 1905 to create the Social Democratic Workers' Party. These were both re-united in 1912. In 1916, the party was renamed to Socialist Party, part of the Second International.

On 2 January 1921, communist elements split to create the Communist Party of Luxembourg. The Socialist Party was renamed the Luxembourg Workers' Party in 1924, and was a member of the Labour and Socialist International between 1923 and 1940.Kowalski, Werner. Geschichte der sozialistischen arbeiter-internationale: 1923 – 19. Berlin: Dt. Verl. d. Wissenschaften, 1985. p. 308 On 5 November 1937, the Party joined the government for the first time, in a coalition under Prime Minister Pierre Dupong.

Post-war The party was reformed after the Second World War as the 'Luxembourg Socialist Workers' Party', in the mould of the Labour Party in the United Kingdom,Thewes (2011), p. 123 where the government had been exiled. In the first election after the war, in 1945, the LSAP was the big loser, falling to 26% of the vote, but remained in the National Union Government, along with all other parties. In 1947, the party started its process of re-building itself, and it managed to join a coalition government (1951–1959 in the Dupong-Bodson and Bech Bodson governments, and 1964–1968 in the Werner-Cravatte government). The discussions over the party's direction split the LSAP again. On 2 May 1970, Henry Cravatte was ejected as president by a trades union-led coup. In March 1971, centrist elements, led by Cravatte, split to create the Social Democratic Party. Those who left included 6 Deputies and most of the party leadership.

However, the LSAP recovered by 1974 and joined the DP in a centre-left coalition (the Thorn-Vouel-Berg government), which enacted important social reforms: judicial system reforms (including a humanisation of the penal system), introduction of a fifth week of holiday, general introduction of the 40-hour week, the salary index, reform of unemployment benefits. This did not prevent an electoral defeat in 1979. In this legislative period, the LSAP held their famous energy conference, and decided a moratorium for the atomic power station of Remerschen. This was the definitive end of the project.

In 1984, the LSAP were re-united with most of the Social Democratic Party (some members joined the Christian Social People's Party).

Recent history Following the 2004 general election, the LSAP served in the government of Luxembourg as junior partner to the Christian Social People's Party (CSV) under Prime Minister Jean-Claude Juncker in the first Juncker–Asselborn government, with the LSAP's Jean Asselborn serving as Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Foreign Affairs. The coalition with the CSV continued as the second Juncker–Asselborn government following the 2009 general election, which lasted until July 2013 when the LSAP withdrew its support from the government, necessitating early elections.

Following the 2013 general election, the LSAP was in a three-party Bettel–Schneider government with the Democratic Party and The Greens, with the Democratic Party's Xavier Bettel serving as prime minister and Etienne Schneider of the LSAP as deputy prime minister. Since 2023, they have been in opposition again.

Election results Chamber of Deputies Election Votes % Elected seats Seats after +/– Government 1919 231,672 15.6 (#2) New 1922 73,963 10.7 (#4) 2 1925 253,256 16.2 (#2) 1928 352,970 32.6 (#2) 4 1931 153,805 19.2 (#2) 3 1934 404,729 29.4 (#2) 1 1937 238,665 24.7 (#2) 4 1945 569,025 23.4 (#2) 7 1948 481,755 37.8 (#1) 4 1951 372,177 33.8 (#2) 4 1954 831,836 35.1 (#2) 2 1959 848,523 34.9 (#2) 1964 999,843 37.7 (#1) 4 1968 837,555 32.3 (#2) 3 1974 875,881 29.2 (#2) 1 1979 787,863 24.3 (#2) 3 1984 1,104,740 33.6 (#2) 7 1989 840,094 26.2 (#2) 3 1994 797,450 25.4 (#2) 1 1999 695,718 22.3 (#3) 4 2004 784,048 23.4 (#2) 1 2009 695,830 21.6 (#2) 1 2013 664,586 20.2 (#2) 2018 621,332 17.6 (#2) 3 2023 711,890 18.9 (#2) 1

European Parliament Election List leader Votes % Seats +/– EP Group 1979 Victor Abens 211,106 21.66 (#3) New SOC 1984 296,382 29.93 (#2) 1 1989 Jacques Poos 252,920 25.45 (#2) 0 1994 251,500 24.80 (#2) 0 PES 1999 Alex Bodry 239,048 23.58 (#2) 0 2004 Jean Asselborn 240,484 22.06 (#2) 1 2009 Robert Goebbels 219,349 19.48 (#2) 0 S&D 2014 Mady Delvaux-Stehres 137,504 11.73 (#4) 0 2019 Nicolas Schmit 152,900 12.19 (#4) 0 2024 Marc Angel 300,879 21.72 (#2) 0

Presidents

The formal leader of the party is the president. However, often, a government minister will be the most important member of the party, as Jean Asselborn is now. Below is a list of presidents of the Luxembourg Socialist Workers' Party since 1945.

Michel Rasquin (1945–1951) Paul Wilwertz (1951–1952) Albert Bousser (1952–1954) Émile Ludwig (1954–1955) Paul Wilwertz (1955–1959) Henry Cravatte (1959–1970) Antoine Wehenkel (1970–1974) Lydie Schmit (1974–1980) Robert Krieps (1980–1985) Ben Fayot (1985–1997) Jean Asselborn (1997–2004) Alex Bodry (2004–2014) Claude Haagen (2014–2019) Franz Fayot (2019–2020) Yves Cruchten (2020–2022) Francine Closener and Dan Biancalana (2022–2026) Georges Engel and Maxime Miltgen (2026–present)

Footnotes

References

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