List of placoderm genera

This list of placoderms is an attempt to create a comprehensive listing of all genera from the fossil record that have ever been considered to be members of the class Placodermi. This list excludes purely vernacular terms. It includes all commonly accepted genera, but also genera that are now considered invalid, doubtful (nomina dubia), or were not formally published (nomina nuda), as well as junior synonyms of more established names, and genera that are no longer considered placoderms. The modern descendants of placoderms, the bony and cartilaginous fishes, and their extinct descendants, the Acanthodii (without cartilaginous fishes), are not included here.

This list includes 334 generic names.

Naming conventions and terminology Naming conventions and terminology follow the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. Technical terms used include: Junior synonym: A name which describes the same taxon as a previously published name. If two or more genera are formally designated and the type specimens are later assigned to the same genus, the first to be published (in chronological order) is the senior synonym, and all other instances are junior synonyms. Senior synonyms are generally used, except by special decision of the ICZN, but junior synonyms cannot be used again, even if deprecated. Junior synonymy is often subjective, unless the genera described were both based on the same type specimen. Nomen nudum (Latin for "naked name"): A name that has appeared in print but has not yet been formally published by the standards of the ICZN. Nomina nuda (the plural form) are invalid, and are therefore not italicized as a proper generic name would be. If the name is later formally published, that name is no longer a nomen nudum and will be italicized on this list. Often, the formally published name will differ from any nomina nuda that describe the same specimen. Nomen oblitum (Latin for "forgotten name"): A name that has not been used in the scientific community for more than fifty years after its original proposal. Preoccupied name: A name that is formally published, but which has already been used for another taxon. This second use is invalid (as are all subsequent uses) and the name must be replaced. As preoccupied names are not valid generic names, they will also go unitalicized on this list. Nomen dubium (Latin for "dubious name"): A name describing a fossil with no unique diagnostic features. As this can be an extremely subjective and controversial designation, this term is not used on this list.

List of genera

GenusAuthorsYearStatusAgeLocationNotes AcanthaspisNewberry 1875 Valid Preoccupied by hemiptera genus Acanthaspis Amyot & Serville, 1843, valid species synonymized with Kujdanowiaspis Acantholepis Krøyer1846 Valid. AcantholepisNewberry1875Preocc.Preoccupied by Acantholepis Krøyer, 1846 ActinolepisAgassiz1845 Valid. AethaspisDenison 1958 Valid. Africanaspis Long Anderson Gess Hiller1997 Valid. AggeraspisGross1962 Valid. Ailuracantha White1969 Valid. Aleosteus Johnson Elliott Wittke2000 Valid. AnarthraspisBryant 1934 Valid. AngarichthysObruchev1927 Valid. AntarctaspisWhite1968 Valid. AntarctolepisWhite1968 Valid. AntineosteusLelièvre1984 Valid. ArctaspisHeintz 1929 Valid. ArctolepisEastman 1908 Valid. ArctonemaOrvig 1969 Valid. ArenipiscisYoung1981 Valid. AsiacanthusLiu1948 Valid. Placodermi incertae sedis AspidichthysNewberry1873 Valid. Arthrodire incertae sedisAsterolepisEichwald1840Valid. AsterosteusNewberry1875 Valid. AtlantidosteusLelièvre 1984 Valid. AustrophyllolepisLong1984 Valid. AustroptyctodusLong1997 Valid. BaringaspisMiles1973 Valid. Batteraspis Pageau1969 Valid. BelemnacanthusEastman1898 Valid. Belgiosteus Lehman1973 Valid. BelosteusJaekel 1927 Valid. BimbiangaYoung2005 Valid. BolivosteusGoujet Janvier Suarez-Riglos1985 Valid. BollandaspisSchultze1976 Valid. Boomeraspis Long1995 Valid. BothriolepisEichwald1840 Valid. BrachydeirusKoenen1880 Valid. BrachygnathusAgassiz1844 Valid. BrachygnathusHussakof1909 Preocc. Preoccupied by placoderm genus Brachygnathus Agassiz, 1844 Brachyosteus Jaekel1927 Valid. Braunosteus Stensiö1959 Valid. Breizosteus Goujet1980 Valid. BrindabellaspisYoung1980 Valid. BrontichthysClaypole 1894 Invalid. Junior synonym of Titanichthys BruntonichthysDennis Miles1980 Valid. BryantaspisWhite Moy-Thomas1940 Valid. Replacement name for Cryptaspis Bryant, 1934 BryantolepisDenison1958 Valid. BuchanosteusStensiö1945 Valid. BullerichthysDennis Miles 1980 Valid. BungartiusDunkle1947 Valid. Burrinjucosteus Valid. Callognathus Newberry1890 Valid. CampbellodusMiles Young1977 Valid. CamuropiscisDennis Miles1979 Valid. CarolowilhelminaMark-Kurik Carls2002 Valid. CartieraspisPageau1969 Valid. Cathlesichthys Young2004 Valid. Ceraspis Schultze1887 Preocc. Preoccupied by coleoptere genus Ceraspis Lepeletier & Serville, 1825CeratolepichthysWhitley1940 Valid. Replacement name for Ceratolepis Gross, 1933CeratolepisGross1933 Preocc. Preoccupied by coleoptere genus Ceratolepis Chapuis, 1873 Changyonophyton Valid. Cheliophorus Lapsus calami. Misspelling of Chelyophorus ChelyophorusAgassiz1844 Valid. ChuchinolepisChang1978Valid. ClarkeosteusObruchev1964 Valid. Cobandrahlepis Young2005 Valid. CoccosteusMiller1841 Valid. Coelosteichthys Whitley1940 Valid. Replacement name for Coelosteus Gross, 1930 Coelosteus Gross1930 Preocc. Preoccupied by fish genus Coelosteus Newberry, 1887 Compagopiscis Gardiner & Miles 1994 Valid. Companognathus Valid. Cosmacanthus Agassiz1845 Valid. Cryptaspidisca Strand1942 Syn. Replacement name for Cryptaspis Bryant, 1934 Cryptaspis Bryant1934 Preocc. Preoccupied by coleoptere genus Cryptaspis Pascoe, 1842CtenurellaOrvig1960 Valid. Cyrtosteus Gross1932 Valid. Deinodus Hussakof Bryant 1919 Valid. DeirosteusWells1942 Valid. DenisonodusJohnson Elliott 1996 Valid. Desmoporella Orvig1971 Valid. Destnoporella Valid. DeveonemaKulczycki1957 Valid. DhanguuraYoung2004 Valid. DiandongpetalichthysPan Wang1978 Valid. DiadsomaspisGross1937 Valid. DicksonosteusGoujet1975 Valid. DinichthysNewberry1873 Originally regarded as a synonym for Dunkleosteus, now according to Carr and Hlavin 2010, it is a distinct genus. Dinomylostoma Eastman1906 Valid. DiplognathusNewberry1878 Valid. DobrowlaniaStensiö1944 Valid. DunkleosteusLehman1956 Valid. Eastmanosteus Obruchev1964 Valid. Eczematolepis Miller1892 Valid. Replacement name for Acantholepis Newberry, 1875 EldenosteusMiles1964 Valid. ElegantaspisHeintz1929 Valid. Ellopetalichthys Ørvig1957 Valid. EnseosteusJaekel1919 Valid. EntelognathusZhu et al2013 Valid. Placodermi incertae sedis EpipetalichthysStensiö1925 Valid. ErikaspisDupret Goujet Mark-Kurik2007Valid. Errolosteus Young1981 Valid. ErromenosteusJaekel1919 Valid. EskimaspisDineley Liu Yuhai1984 Valid. EuleptaspisWhite Moy-Thomas1940 Valid. EuptychaspisWhite Moy-Thomas1941 Preocc.Replacement name for Ptychaspis Bryant, 1935. Preoccupied by trilobite genus Euptychaspis Ulrich, 1931 Euryaspidichthys Whitley1950 Valid. Replacement name for Euryaspis Bryant, 1932 EuraspisLiu1991 Valid. EuryaspisBryant1932 Preocc. Preoccupied by coleoptere genus Euryaspis Blanchard, 1851 EurycaraspisLi1991 Valid. FallacosteusLong1990 Valid. GaspeaspisPageau1969 Valid. GavinaspisDupret Zhu2008 Valid. GemuendenaspisMiles1962 Valid. GemuendinaTraquair1903 Valid. GlyptaspisNewberry1890 Valid. GolshanichthysLelièvre Janvier Goujet1981 Valid. GoniosteusGross1933 Valid. GoodradigbeeonWhite1978 Valid. Gorgonichthys Claypole 1892 Valid. Grazosteus Gross1958 Valid. Arthrodire incertae sedis, known only from a medial dorsal plate with a pair of prominent, posterior-pointing prongs. GroenlandaspisHeintz1932 Valid. Grossaspis White Moy-Thomas1940 Valid. Replacement name for Ceraspis Schlueter, 1887 Grossilepis Stensiö1949 Valid. Grossosteus White Moy-Thomas1940 Valid. Replacement name for Coelosteus Gross, 1930 GymnotrachelusDunkle Bungart 1939 Valid. Gyracanthus Agassiz1835 Valid. GyroplacosteusObruschev1930 Valid. HadrosteusGross1932 Valid. HarrytoombsiaMiles Dennis1979 Valid. HeintzaspisStrand1932Valid.Replacement name for Acanthapsis Newberry, 1975 Heintzichthys Whitley 1933 Valid. Replacement name for Stenognathus Newberry, 1898 HeightingtonaspisWhite1969 Valid. Heintzosteus Goujet1984 Valid. Heterogaspis Strand1932 Valid. HeterosteusAsmuss 1856 Valid. HeteroyunnanolepisWang1944Valid. Holdenius Dunkle Bungart1942 Valid. HollardosteusLehman1956 Valid. HolonemaNewberry1890 Valid. HomosteusAsmuss1856 Valid. HuginaspisHeintz1929 Valid. HussakofiaCossmann 1910 Valid. Replacement name for Brachygnathus Hussakof, 1909 HybosteusGross1933 Valid. Replacement name for Coelosteus Gross, 1930 Incisoscutum Dennis Miles1981 Valid. JagorinaJaekel1921 Valid. Jaekelaspis Heintz1929 Valid. JaniosteusIvanov 1988 Valid. JerulalepisBurrow1996 Valid. Jiangxilepis Valid. Jiuchengia Valid. Kendrichthys Valid. Kiangyousteus Valid. Kiangyosteus Valid. KimaspisMark-Kurik1973 Valid. KimberiaDennis-Bryan Miles1983 Preocc. Preoccupied by mollusc genus Kimberia Cotton & Woods, 1935KimberleyichthyesDennis-Bryan Miles1983 Valid. Replacement name for genus Kimberia Dennis-Bryan & Miles, 1983KolpaspisPageau1969 Valid. KolymaspisBystrow 1956 Valid. KosoraspisGross1959 Valid. KueichowlepisP'an Wang1975 Valid. KujdanowiaspisStensiö1942 Valid. Kweichowlepis Valid. LataspisStrand1932 Valid. Replacement name for Plataspis Heintz 1929Latocamurus Long1988 Valid. LanrentaspisPageau1969 Valid. Laurentaspis Lapsus Calami. LepadolepisWhite Moy-Thomas1940 Valid. Replacement name for Ceratolepis Gross, 1933LehmanosteusGoujet1984 Valid. LeptosteusJaekel1919 Valid. LiognathusAgassiz1846 Valid. LiognathusNewberry1873 Preocc. Preoccupied by fish genus Liognathus Agassiz, 1846LispognathusMiller1892 Valid. Replacement name for Liognathus Newberry, 1873Litilpetalichthyes Valid. LiujiangolepisWang1987 Valid. LivosteusObruchev1962 Valid. LophostraconLankester 1884 Valid. LuetkeichthysBystrow1957 Valid. LunaspisBroili1929 Valid. LyhoalepisTong-Dzuy Janvier Doan-Nhat1994 Valid. MachaerognathusHussakof Bryant1919 Valid. MacropetalichthysNorwood Owen1846 Valid. Macropetalichthys Broili 1933 Preocc. Preoccupied by fish genus Macropetalichthys Norwood & Owen, 1846MaideriaLelièvre1995 Valid. MalerosteusKulczycki 1957 Valid. Materpiscis Long Trinajstic Young Senden2008 Valid. McnamaraspisLong1995 Valid. MediaspisHeintz1929 Valid. MegaloplaxObruchev1933 Valid. MelanosteusLelièvre Goujet1987 Valid. MicrobrachiusTraquair1888Valid.MicrosteusGross1932 Valid. MillerosteusStensiö1959 Valid. MithakaspisYoung Goujet2003 Valid. MiziaZhu1996Valid.MonaspisHeintz1929 Valid. MurmurWhitley1951 Valid. Replacement name for Euptychaspis White & Moy-Thomas 1941MurrindalaspisLong1984 Valid. MylostomaNewberry1883 Valid. NeopetalichthysLiu1973 Valid. NeophlyctaeniusDenison1950 Valid. NessariostomaBroili1933 Valid. NotopetalichthysWoodward1941 Valid. Oestophorus Miller1892 Valid. Replacement name for Spenophorus Newberry, 1890OhioaspisWells1944 Valid. OhiodorulitesWhitley1933Valid.Replacement name for Acanthapsis Newberry, 1975OmalosteusZakharenko2006 Valid. Operchaliosteus Valid. OperchallosteusKulczycki 1957 Valid. OracanthusAgassiz1837 Valid. Ottanosteus Valid. OvertonaspisWhite1961 Valid. OxyosteusJaekel1911 Valid. PachyosteusJaekel1903 Valid. PageauaspisDenison1978 Valid. Replacement name for Quebecaspis Pageau, 1969PalaeacanthaspisBrotzen 1934 Valid. PalaeomylusWoodward 1891 Valid. PanxiosteusWang1979 Valid. Parabelosteus Valid. ParabuchanosteusWhite Toombs 1972 Valid. ParamylostomaDunkle Bungart1945 Valid. ParapetalichthysKuhn 1949 Valid. Replacement name for Macropetalichthys Broili, 1933ParaplesiobatisBroili1933 Valid. Paraptyctodus Valid. ParawalterosteusStensiö1963 Valid. Pelycophorus Valid. PhlyctaenacanthusEastman 1898 Valid. PhlyctaenaspisTraquair 1890 Valid.