The Hipposideridae are a family of bats commonly known as the Old World leaf-nosed bats. While it has often been seen as a subfamily, Hipposiderinae, of the family Rhinolophidae, it is now more generally classified as its own family.Simmons, 2005, p. 365 Nevertheless, it is most closely related to Rhinolophidae within the suborder Yinpterochiroptera.Hutcheon and Kirsch, 2006
Taxonomy The Hipposideridae contain 10 living genera and more than 70 species, mostly in the widespread genus Hipposideros.Simmons, 2005, pp. 365–379 In addition, several fossil genera are known; the oldest fossils attributed to the family are from the middle Eocene of Europe.McKenna and Bell, 1997, p. 306 In their 1997 Classification of Mammals, Malcolm C. McKenna and Susan K. Bell proposed a division of Hipposideridae (called Rhinonycterinae in their work) into three tribes, one with two subtribes,McKenna and Bell, 1997, pp. 306–307 but these tribes turned out to be non-monophyletic and have been abandoned. A different classification was proposed by Hand and Kirsch in 2003.Hand and Kirsch, 2003, table 3 In 2009, Petr Benda and Peter Vallo proposed a separate tribe, Triaenopini, for the genera Triaenops, Paratriaenops, and possibly Cloeotis,Benda and Vallo, 2009, p. 33 synonymised in a 2014 revision (Foley, et al.) that elevated the family Rhinonycteridae. The Hipposideridae have many different families, previously confused to be the same for their similar appearance. The Hipposideridae fulvus is very similar to the Hipposideridae Pomona, which were a part of the same family in the past. The macrobullatus, considered to be a subspecies of the Hipposideridae are also part of a different family. Among the Hipposideridae species, there is an increased amount of mitochondrial differentation, possibly leading to these subspecies being intermixed and confused as one.
Genera The genera included in Hipposideridae are:Simmons, 2005, pp. 365–379; McKenna and Bell, 1997, pp. 306–307; other sources cited for specific genera
Living Anthops (one species; Solomon Islands and Bougainville Island) Asellia (four species; Africa and southwestern Asia; Miocene fossils from Europe) Aselliscus (three species; southeastern Asia and Melanesia) Coelops (at least two species; southeastern Asia; Miocene fossils from Africa) Doryrhina (two species, Africa) Hipposideros (more than sixty species; Africa, southern Eurasia, and Australasia; oldest fossils from the Eocene of Europe; includes Pseudorhinolophus, sometimes considered a separate genus) Macronycteris (five species, Africa and Madagascar) (Note that genus Paracoelops was previously listed for Vietnam is now a synonym of Hipposideros pomona)
Extinct Archerops (Miocene of Australia)Hand and Kirsch, 2003 Miophyllorhina (Miocene of Australia)Archer et al., 2006, p. 7 Palaeophyllophora (Eocene to Miocene of Europe) Paraphyllophora (Eocene or Oligocene to Miocene of Europe) Riversleigha (Miocene of Australia) Vaylatsia (Oligocene of Europe)Ziegler, 2000, p. 652; Hand and Kirsch, 2003, table 3; cf. McKenna and Bell, 1997, p. 305 (excluded from Rhinonycterinae) Xenorhinos (Miocene of Australia)
List of species
Family Hipposideridae — Old World leaf-nosed bats Genus Anthops Flower-faced bat, Anthops ornatus Genus Asellia — trident leaf-nosed bats Arabian trident bat, Asellia arabica Somalian trident bat, Asellia italosomalica Patrizi's trident leaf-nosed bat, Asellia patrizii Trident bat, Asellia tridens Genus Aselliscus — Tate's trident-nosed bats Stoliczka's trident bat, Aselliscus stoliczkanus Temminck's trident bat, Aselliscus tricuspidatus Dong Bac's trident bat, Aselliscus dongbacana Genus Coelops — tailless leaf-nosed bats East Asian tailless leaf-nosed bat, Coelops frithii Malayan tailless leaf-nosed bat, Coelops robinsoni Genus Doryrhina — roundleaf bats Greater roundleaf bat, Doryrhina camerunensis Cyclops roundleaf bat, Doryrhina cyclops Genus Hipposideros — roundleaf bats Aba roundleaf bat, Hipposideros abae Ha Long leaf-nosed bat, Hipposideros alongensis Great roundleaf bat, Hipposideros armiger Dusky roundleaf bat, Hipposideros ater Benito roundleaf bat, Hipposideros beatus Bicolored roundleaf bat, Hipposideros bicolor Boeadi's roundleaf bat, Hipposideros boeadii Short-headed roundleaf bat, Hipposideros breviceps Sundevall's roundleaf bat, Hipposideros caffer Spurred roundleaf bat, Hipposideros calcaratus Fawn leaf-nosed bat or fawn roundleaf bat, Hipposideros cervinus Ashy roundleaf bat, Hipposideros cineraceus Large Mindanao roundleaf bat, Hipposideros coronatus Telefomin roundleaf bat, Hipposideros corynophyllus Cox's roundleaf bat, Hipposideros coxi Timor roundleaf bat, Hipposideros crumeniferus Short-tailed roundleaf bat, Hipposideros curtus Makira roundleaf bat, Hipposideros demissus Diadem roundleaf bat, Hipposideros diadema Fierce roundleaf bat, Hipposideros dinops Borneo roundleaf bat, Hipposideros doriae Khajuria's leaf-nosed bat, Hipposideros durgadasi Dayak roundleaf bat, Hipposideros dyacorum Hill's roundleaf bat, Hipposideros edwardshilli House-dwelling leaf-nosed bat, Hipposideros einnaythu Hipposideros fasensis Sooty roundleaf bat, Hipposideros fuliginosus Fulvus roundleaf bat, Hipposideros fulvus Cantor's roundleaf bat, Hipposideros galeritus Andersen's leaf-nosed bat, Hipposideros gentilis Grand roundleaf bat, Hipposideros grandis Griffin's leaf-nosed bat, Hipposideros griffini Thailand roundleaf bat, Hipposideros halophyllus Kolar leaf-nosed bat, Hipposideros hypophyllus Crested roundleaf bat, Hipposideros inexpectatus Arnhem leaf-nosed bat, Hipposideros inornatus Jones's roundleaf bat, Hipposideros jonesi Phou Khao Khouay leaf-nosed bat, Hipposideros khaokhouayensis Khasian leaf-nosed bat, Hipposideros khasiana Kunz's Bicolored Leaf-nosed Bat, Hipposideros kunzi Lamotte's roundleaf bat, Hipposideros lamottei Indian roundleaf bat, Hipposideros lankadiva Intermediate roundleaf bat, Hipposideros larvatus Large Asian roundleaf bat, Hipposideros lekaguli Shield-faced roundleaf bat, Hipposideros lylei Big-eared roundleaf bat, Hipposideros macrobullatus Maduran leaf-nosed bat, Hipposideros madurae Maggie Taylor's roundleaf bat, Hipposideros maggietaylorae Aellen's roundleaf bat, Hipposideros marisae Ethiopian large-eared roundleaf bat, Hipposideros megalotis Fly River roundleaf bat, Hipposideros muscinus Malayan roundleaf bat, Hipposideros nequam Nicobar Leaf-nosed Bat, Hipposideros nicobarulae Philippine forest roundleaf bat, Hipposideros obscurus Orbiculus leaf-nosed bat, Hipposideros orbiculus Biak roundleaf bat, Hipposideros papua Hipposideros parnabyi Peleng leaf-nosed bat, Hipposideros pelingensis Pendlebury's roundleaf bat, Hipposideros pendleburyi Pomona roundleaf bat, Hipposideros pomona Philippine pygmy roundleaf bat, Hipposideros pygmaeus Ridley's leaf-nosed bat, Hipposideros ridleyi Laotian leaf-nosed bat, Hipposideros rotalis Noack's roundleaf bat, Hipposideros ruber Shield-nosed leaf-nosed bat, Hipposideros scutinares Semon's roundleaf bat, Hipposideros semoni Sorensen's leaf-nosed bat, Hipposideros sorenseni Schneider's leaf-nosed bat, Hipposideros speoris Northern leaf-nosed bat or narrow-eared roundleaf bat, Hipposideros stenotis Sumba roundleaf bat or Sumban leaf-nosed bat, Hipposideros sumbae Pratt's roundleaf bat, Hipposideros swinhoei Maghreb leaf-nosed bat, Hipposideros tephrus Lesser great leaf-nosed bat, Hipposideros turpis Wollaston's roundleaf bat, Hipposideros wollastoni Genus Macronycteris Commerson's leaf-nosed bat or Commerson's roundleaf bat, Macronycteris commersoni Macronycteris cryptovalorona Giant roundleaf bat, Macronycteris gigas Saõ Tomé leaf-nosed bat, Macronycteris thomensis Striped leaf-nosed bat, Macronycteris vittatus
Notes
References
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