List of minor indigenous peoples of Russia

The following peoples are officially recognized minor indigenous peoples of Russia. Many of them are included into the Common List of Minor Indigenous Peoples of Russia () approved by the government of Russia on March 24, 2000 and updated in subsequent years.

These peoples satisfy the following criteria: To live in their historical territory; To preserve traditional way of life, occupations, and trades; To self-recognize themselves as a separate ethnicity; To have a population of at most 50,000 within Russia.

Some of them, such as Soyots, were recognized only after the dissolution of the Soviet Union.

These peoples subject to benefits according to a number of laws aimed at preservation and support of these ethnicities.

Ten of these peoples count less than 1,000 and 11 of them live beyond the Arctic Circle.

Far North

Far North is the part of Russia which lies mainly beyond the Arctic Circle. Ainus (Айны): Kamchatka Krai, Sakhalin Oblast Aleuts (Алеуты): Kamchatka Krai Alyutors (Алюторцы): Kamchatka Krai Chukchis (чукчи): Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Magadan Oblast, Kamchatka Krai Chuvans (чуванцы): Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Magadan Oblast Dolgans (долганы): Krasnoyarsk Krai, Sakha Republic Enets (*) (энцы) (Yenets, Russian plural: Entsy, obsolete: Yenisei Samoyeds, Yenisei Ostyak, Kets): Krasnoyarsk Krai Siberian Yupik (Yuit, Yupigyt, эскимосы): Chukotka Autonomous Okrug Chaplino Naukan Sirenik Yupik Itelmens (ительмены): Kamchatka Krai, Magadan Oblast Kamchadals (камчадалы, a general term for mixed population of Kamchatka Peninsula): Kamchatka Krai Kereks (кереки): Chukotka Autonomous Okrug Komi peoples formerly known as Komi-Izhemtsy, Izhma Komi (Коми-ижемцы, alt. name: Izvataz): north of the Komi Republic Koryaks (коряки): Kamchatka Krai, Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Magadan Oblast Nenets (*) (Russian plural: Nentsy, old Russian name Samoyeds) (ненцы): Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Krasnoyarsk Krai, Khanty–Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Arkhangelsk Oblast, Komi Republic Nganasans (Tavgi) (нганасаны): Krasnoyarsk Krai Sami (old Russian name Lopars, i.e., Lapp) (саамы, саамы): Murmansk Oblast Veps (*) (вепсы): Republic of Karelia, Leningrad Oblast Yukaghirs (юкагиры): Sakha Republic, Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Magadan Oblast

Central Siberia

Chulyms (чулымцы): Krasnoyarsk Krai Evenks (obsolete: Tungus) (эвенки): Sakha Republic, Krasnoyarsk Krai, Khabarovsk Krai, Amur Oblast, Sakhalin Oblast, Buryat Republic, Irkutsk Oblast, Chita Oblast, Tomsk Oblast, Tyumen Oblast Evens (эвены) (obsolete: Lamuts (ламуты)): Sakha Republic, Khabarovsk Krai, Magadan Oblast, Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Kamchatka Krai Kets (кеты): Krasnoyarsk Krai Khantys (Ostyaks, obsolete) (ханты) Mansi (Voguls, obsolete) (манси): Khanty–Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Tyumen Oblast, Sverdlovsk Oblast, Komi Republic Selkups (селькупы): Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Tyumen Oblast, Tomsk Oblast, Krasnoyarsk Krai Teleuts (телеуты): Kemerovo Oblast

Far East Nanais (Russian plural: Nanaitsy) (нанайцы): Khabarovsk Krai, Primorsky Krai, Sakhalin Oblast Negidals (негидальцы): Khabarovsk Krai Nivkh people (нивхи): Khabarovsk Krai, Sakhalin Oblast Oroch people (орочи): Khabarovsk Krai Orok people (Ulta, Uilta) (ороки, ульта): Sakhalin Oblast Taz people (тазы): Primorsky Krai Udege people (удэгейцы): Primorsky Krai, Khabarovsk Krai Ulch people (*) (ульчи): Khabarovsk Krai

Southern Siberia

Kumandins (кумандинцы): Altai Krai, Altai Republic, Kemerovo Oblast Chelkans (челканцы): Altai Republic Shorians (шорцы): Kemerovo Oblast, Republic of Khakassia, Altai Republic Soyots (сойоты): Buryat Republic Telengits (теленгиты): Altai Republic Tofalars (тофалары): Irkutsk Oblast Tubalars (тубалары): Altai Republic Tuvans-Todzhins (Tuvintses-Todjintses, тувинцы-тоджинцы): Tuva Republic

Peoples of Dagestan with population less than 50,000 According to a 2000 decree of the government of Russian Federation,A decree about small-numbered Indigenous peoples of Russia Dagestan was supposed to compile their own list of small-numbered Indigenous peoples, to be included in the overall List of small-numbered Indigenous peoples of Russia The peoples below fall under the criteria of the decree, but were not included into the list in 2000. Laks Tabasarans Rutuls Aguls Tsakhurs Kumyks Nogais

Tiny groups

There are about 40 other tiny ethnic groups in Dagestan, with total number of less than 40,000. Andis Akhvakh Archins Bagvalals Bezhta Botlikhs Chamalals Godoberi Hinukh Hunzibs Khwarshi Karata Tindis Tsez

Other Abazins (абазины): Karachay–Cherkessia Ainu: Sakhalin Oblast, Khabarovsk Krai and Kamchatka Krai Besermyan (бесермяне): Udmurt Republic Izhorians (ижорцы): Leningrad Oblast Karelians (карелы): titular nation of the Republic of Karelia Nagaybaks (нагайбаки): Chelyabinsk Oblast and Republic of Bashkortostan Setos (Сету): Pskov Oblast Shapsugs (шапсуги): Krasnodar Krai Votes (Водь): Leningrad Oblast Qaratay (каратаи): Republic of Tatarstan (no official recognition)

Demographics

Median Age Most peoples with smaller populations have median ages that are considerably lower than the Russian average. The below table is taken from the Russian census of 2002. For example, the median age of ethnic Russians was 37.6 years, while that of Yuraq Samoyeds was 26.2 years.

Ethnic GroupTotalMaleFemaleUrbanUr.MaleUr.FemaleRuralR.MaleR.FemaleYuraq Samoyed (Nenet)26.224.627.625.723.127.426.324.827.7Tavgi Samoyed (Nganassan)26.625.827.224.222.125.427.126.527.7Chukchi26.625.127.925.122.526.926.925.628.1Taimyr Samoyed (Dolgan)26.725.128.026.023.227.626.825.428.1Ostyak26.824.928.327.124.528.926.625.128.1Yenisei Samoyed (Enet)27.025.528.430.420.035.626.526.027.0Todzhin27.326.827.732.545.07.527.326.827.7Yup'ik27.325.528.926.223.328.327.726.129.2Koryaks27.426.328.525.423.027.228.327.429.0Sayan Samoyed (Karagas/Tofalar)27.527.128.028.925.433.627.427.227.7Vogul27.625.229.527.424.329.627.826.029.3Yukaghir27.625.829.228.125.430.627.226.228.2Telengit27.926.529.325.325.425.328.026.629.5Evenks28.026.529.328.126.129.827.926.629.1Soyots28.026.629.525.523.627.128.326.929.7Evens28.125.630.028.424.630.428.025.929.7Yenisei Ostyak (Ket)28.125.930.330.525.632.827.725.929.5Gilyak (Nivkh)28.326.430.029.126.631.127.726.229.1Oroks28.427.129.728.627.829.528.026.130.0Oroch28.827.430.128.323.232.829.129.628.7Chuvans29.227.630.530.428.031.828.727.429.9Goldyak (Nanai)30.128.931.131.730.532.629.428.330.5Udihe30.128.531.630.629.131.530.028.431.7Ulch30.327.532.737.231.840.829.126.831.1Ostyak Samoyed (Selkup)30.428.831.933.231.035.129.928.531.3Negidal30.526.833.533.529.536.129.626.132.6Itel30.728.033.030.627.233.430.728.432.8Chelkan31.029.732.030.728.832.731.129.931.9Tubalar32.131.133.134.132.135.731.931.032.8Sami32.129.234.632.528.535.331.929.634.1Aleut32.132.332.031.234.229.432.431.932.9Kamchadal33.231.734.432.631.633.433.831.935.7Teleut33.931.336.133.130.935.034.531.636.9Shor34.032.035.833.831.535.734.633.135.9Chulym34.233.834.639.336.641.833.833.634.0Abaza34.732.736.631.730.632.736.533.939.0Taz35.833.238.236.332.939.635.533.337.5Shapsugh38.537.339.738.536.640.438.537.539.5Besermian40.837.743.841.440.941.940.636.844.4Kumandin40.936.444.641.135.745.440.637.143.6Nagaibak41.138.543.343.941.645.640.638.042.8Veps49.844.953.147.041.950.153.148.156.8Kerek60.852.577.560.852.577.5Izhor65.859.467.961.860.262.867.259.069.3

Birth Rate The below table gives the average birth rate for Smaller Ethnic groups for the 1997-2002 period based on the 2002 census. (per 1000 people) Source: For most of the groups the birth rate was more than the death rate. For example for the Yuraq Samoyeds the birth rate was more than double the death rate. But for ethnic groups like Veps (Death rate 7 times the birth rate) the reverse was true. For Ingrians, not a single birth was recorded in 1992-2002 period. The youngest of the Ingrians are 3 people in 10-14 age group (Total ethnic population 327, of which more than 60% are above 70 years of age. The 1989 population was 820, signifying a decline of 2.5 times)

GroupTotalUrbanRuralAbaza11.4011.7011.23Aleut13.4510.4214.29Besermian7.272.718.57Veps3.483.683.25Taimyr Samoyed (Dolgan)18.6013.2319.68Izhor0.000.000.00Itel15.7213.4416.92Kamchadal13.6114.9511.99Kerek0.000.000.00Yenisei Ostyak (Ket)16.6515.0816.97Koryaks16.3017.1515.96Kumandin7.897.108.78Vogul19.0818.9219.24Nagaibak7.203.877.83Goldyak (Nanai)12.678.4814.33Tavgi Samoyed (Nganassan)11.1013.6110.54Negidal15.8410.4317.44Yuraq Samoyed (Nenet)21.7417.5522.60Nivkh (Gilyak)15.8312.0519.15Oroch10.806.6713.04Lapp14.5813.8215.06Ostyak Samoyed (Selkup)14.748.6815.89Soyots17.456.9018.43Taz10.948.8912.05Telengit17.579.2017.89Teleut9.949.3910.34Sayan Samoyed (Karagas/Tofalar)16.600.0017.62Tubalar14.8711.6715.15Todzhin19.350.0019.36Udihe15.025.9317.59Oroks12.087.1018.60Ulch14.797.7516.05Ostyak19.6218.1920.33Chelkan19.2815.9319.80Chuvans16.1613.5617.27Chukchi19.0715.8619.70Chulym11.5113.6411.35Shapsugh10.276.8211.40Shor10.139.3212.12Evenks16.2111.3417.66Evens17.1113.8918.58Yenisei Samoyed (Enet)17.268.3318.50Yup'ik15.6516.7515.26Yukaghir18.0317.0018.77

List of minor indigenous peoples of Russia

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