Napaeus is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the subfamily Eninae of the family Enidae.MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Napaeus Albers, 1850. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=762701 on 2021-08-31
Distribution Napaeus is endemic to the Macaronesia ecoregion: Azores and Canary Islands.Allgaier C. (2007). "Active Camouflage with Lichens in a Terrestrial Snail, Napaeus (N.) barquini Alonso and Ibáñez, 2006 (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Enidae)". Zoological Science 24(9): 869–876. .Tuebingen University (2007, October 31). "Snails As Clever Builders: Active Camouflage In A Snail". ScienceDaily. Accessed October 8, 2010.
Species There are three recognized subgenera, Macaronapaeus Kobelt, 1899, Napaeus Albers, 1850 and Napaeinus Hesse, 1933.
Species within the genus Napaeus include 18 species on the Tenerife, 17 species on the La Gomera and others. Additionally, 11 new species from the Canary Islands were described in 2011.
Napaeus alabastrinus Frias Martins, 1989 Napaeus alucensis Santana & Yanes, 2011- on La Gomera Napaeus anaga (Grasset, 1857) Napaeus aringaensis Yanes et al., 2011Yanes Y., Santana J., Artiles M., Deniz F., Martin J., Alonso M. R. & Ibanez M. (2011). "Five new Napaeus species (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Enidae) from Gran Canaria and El Hierro (Canary Islands)." Zootaxa 2901: 35–51. abstract. Napaeus atlanticus (L. Pfeiffer, 1853) Napaeus avaloensis Groh, 2006 Napaeus badiosus (Webb & Berthelot, 1833) Napaeus baeticatus (Webb & Berthelot, 1833) - type species Napaeus barquini Alonso & Ibáñez, 2006Alonso M. R., Goodacre S. L., Emerson B. C., Ibáñez M., Hutterer R. & Groh K. (2006). "Canarian land snail diversity: conflict between anatomical and molecular data on the phylogenetic placement of five new species of Napaeus (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Enidae)". Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 89: 169–187. . Napaeus bechi M. R. Alonso & Ibáñez, 1993 Napaeus beguirae Henríquez, 1995 Napaeus bertheloti (L. Pfeiffer, 1846) Napaeus boucheti M. R. Alonso & Ibáñez, 1993 Napaeus chrysaloides (Wollaston, 1878) Napaeus consecoanus (Mousson, 1872) Napaeus delibutus (Morelet & Drouët, 1857) Napaeus delicatus Alonso, Yanes & Ibáñez, 2011Holyoak G. A., Holyoak D. T., Yanes Y., Alonso M. R., Ibanez M. (2011). "Two new Napaeus species from La Gomera and La Palma (Canary Islands) (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Enidae) ". Archiv für Molluskenkunde 140(1): 37–48. . Napaeus doliolum Henríquez, 1993 Napaeus doloresae Santana, 2013 Napaeus elegans M. R. Alonso & Ibáñez, 1995 Napaeus encaustus (Shuttleworth, 1852) Napaeus esbeltus Ibáñez & M. R. Alonso, 1995 Napaeus estherae Artiles, 2013 Napaeus exilis Henríquez, 1995 Napaeus gomerensis G. A. Holyoak & D. T. Holyoak, 2011 - on La Gomera Napaeus grohi Yanes et al., 2011 Napaeus gruereanus (Grasset, 1857) Napaeus hartungi (Morelet & Drouët, 1857) Napaeus helvolus (Webb & Berthelot, 1833) Napaeus huttereri Henríquez, 1991 Napaeus indifferens (Mousson, 1872) Napaeus inflatiusculus (Wollaston, 1878) Napaeus interpunctatus (Wollaston, 1878) Napaeus isletae Groh & Ibanez, 1992 Napaeus josei Yanes et al., 2011 Napaeus lajaensis Castillo et al., 2006Castillo C., Yanes Y., Alonso M. R. & Ibáñez M. (2006). "Napaeus lajaensis sp. nov. (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Enidae) from a Quaternary Aeolian deposit of Northeast Tenerife, Canary Islands". Zootaxa 1307: 41–54. Napaeus lichenicola M. R. Alonso & Ibáñez, 2007 Napaeus maculatus Goodacre, 2006 Napaeus maffioteanus (Mousson, 1872) Napaeus magnus Yanes, Deniz, M. R. Alonso & Ibáñez, 2013 Napaeus minimus Holyoak & Holyoak, 2011 Napaeus moquinianus (Webb & Berthelot, 1833) Napaeus moroi Martín, Alonso & Ibáñez, 2011 - La GomeraYanes Y., Martín J., Santana J., Holyoak G. A., Holyoak D. T., Artiles M., Deniz F. et al. & Ibáñez M. (2011). "Four new Napaeus species (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Enidae) from La Gomera (Canary Islands)". Journal of Conchology 40(4): 393–407. abstract. Napaeus myosotis (Webb & Berthelot, 1833) Napaeus nanodes Shuttleworth, 1852 Napaeus obesatus (Webb & Berthelot, 1833) Napaeus ocellatus (Mousson, 1872) Napaeus orientalis Henríquez, 1995 Napaeus ornamentatus Moro, 2009 Napaeus osoriensis (Wollaston, 1878) Napaeus palmaensis (Mousson, 1872) Napaeus procerus Emerson, 2006 Napaeus propinquus (Shuttleworth, 1852) Napaeus pruninus (A. Gould, 1846) Napaeus pygmaeus Ibanez & Alonso, 1993 Napaeus roccellicola (Webb & Berthelot, 1833) Napaeus rufobrunneus (Wollaston, 1878) Napaeus rupicola (Mousson, 1872) Napaeus savinosus (Wollaston, 1878) † Napaeus servus (Mousson, 1872) Napaeus severus (J. Mabille, 1898) Napaeus subgracilior (Wollaston, 1878) Napaeus subsimplex (Wollaston, 1878) Napaeus tabidus (Shuttleworth, 1852) Napaeus tafadaensis Yanes, 2009 Napaeus tagamichensis Henríquez, 1993 Napaeus taguluchensis Henríquez, 1993 Napaeus tenoensis Henríquez, 1993 Napaeus teobaldoi Martín, 2009 Napaeus texturatus (Mousson, 1872) Napaeus torilensis Artiles & Deniz, 2011 - on La Gomera Napaeus tremulans (Mousson, 1858) Napaeus validoi Yanes et al., 2011 Napaeus variatus (Webb & Berthelot, 1833) Napaeus venegueraensis Yanes et al., 2011 Napaeus voggenreiteri Hutterer, 2006 Napaeus vulgaris (Morelet & Drouët, 1857)
Species brought into synonymy Napaeus arcuatus (Kuester, 1845): synonym of Pseudonapaeus arcuatus (Kuester, 1845) (unaccepted combination) Napaeus candelaris (L. Pfeiffer, 1846): synonym of Pseudonapaeus candelaris (L. Pfeiffer, 1846) (unaccepted combination) Napaeus coelebs (L. Pfeiffer, 1846): synonym of Pseudonapaeus coelebs (L. Pfeiffer, 1846) (unaccepted combination) Napaeus sindicus (Reeve, 1848): synonym of Pseudonapaeus sindicus (Reeve, 1848) (unaccepted combination) Napaeus vincentii (Gredler, 1898): synonym of Serina vincentii (Gredler, 1898)
References
Further reading Alonso M. R., Henríquez F. & Ibáñez M. (1995). "Revision of the species group Napaeus variatus (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Buliminidae) from the Canary Islands, with description of five new species". Zool Scr 24: 303–320. Yanes Y., Martín J., Moro L., Alonso M. R. & Ibáñez M. (2009). "On the relationships of the genus Napaeus (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Enidae), with the description of four new species from the Canary Islands". Journal of Natural History 43(35): 2179–2207.
External links
"Species in genus Napaeus". AnimalBase.