This list shows the IUCN Red List status of the 32 mammal species occurring in Moldova. One is endangered, four are vulnerable, and three are near threatened.
Order: Rodentia (rodents)
Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40% of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be kept short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to .
Suborder: Sciurognathi Family: Castoridae (beavers) Genus: Castor Eurasian beaver, C. fiber Family: Sciuridae (squirrels) Subfamily: Xerinae Tribe: Marmotini Genus: Spermophilus European ground squirrel, Spermophilus citellus Family: Gliridae (dormice) Subfamily: Leithiinae Genus: Dryomys Forest dormouse, Dryomys nitedula Family: Cricetidae Subfamily: Cricetinae Genus: Cricetulus Grey dwarf hamster, Cricetulus migratorius Subfamily: Arvicolinae Genus: Clethrionomys Bank vole, Clethrionomys glareolus Genus: Microtus Common vole, Microtus arvalis European pine vole, Microtus subterraneus
Order: Lagomorpha (lagomorphs)
The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early twentieth century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two.
Family: Leporidae (rabbits, hares) Genus: Lepus European hare, L. europaeus
Order: Eulipotyphla (hedgehogs, shrews and moles)
Hedgehogs are easily recognised by their spines, shrews closely resemble mice, and moles are stout-bodied burrowers.
Family: Erinaceidae (hedgehogs) Subfamily: Erinaceinae Genus: Erinaceus Northern white-breasted hedgehog, E. roumanicus Family: Soricidae (shrews) Subfamily: Crocidurinae Genus: Crocidura Bicolored shrew, C. leucodon Lesser white-toothed shrew, C. suaveolens Subfamily: Soricinae Tribe: Soricini Genus: Sorex Eurasian pygmy shrew, S. minutus
Order: Chiroptera (bats)
The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals. Family: Vespertilionidae Subfamily: Myotinae Genus: Myotis Bechstein's bat, M. bechsteini Pond bat, M. dasycneme Subfamily: Vespertilioninae Genus: Barbastella Western barbastelle, B. barbastellus Genus: Nyctalus Greater noctule bat, N. lasiopterus Lesser noctule, N. leisleri Genus: Pipistrellus Common pipistrelle, P. pipistrellus Family: Rhinolophidae Subfamily: Rhinolophinae Genus: Rhinolophus Greater horseshoe bat, R. ferrumequinum Lesser horseshoe bat, R. hipposideros
Order: Carnivora (carnivorans)
There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which feed primarily on meat. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition. Suborder: Feliformia Family: Felidae (cats) Subfamily: Felinae Genus: Felis European wildcat, F. silvestris Genus: Lynx Eurasian lynx, L. lynx Suborder: Caniformia Family: Canidae (dogs, foxes) Genus: Canis Gray wolf, C. lupus Eurasian wolf, C. l. lupus Genus: Vulpes Red fox, V. vulpes Family: Mustelidae (mustelids) Genus: Lutra European otter, L. lutra Genus: Martes Beech marten, M. foina Genus: Meles European badger, M. meles Genus: Mustela Stoat, M. erminea Steppe polecat, M. eversmannii Least weasel, M. nivalis European polecat, M. putorius
Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)
The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans. Family: Cervidae (deer) Subfamily: Capreolinae Genus: Alces Moose, A. alces Genus: Capreolus Roe deer, C. capreolus Subfamily: Cervinae Genus: Cervus Red deer, C. elaphus Genus: Dama European fallow deer, D. dama introduced Family: Suidae (pigs) Subfamily: Suinae Genus: Sus Wild boar, S. scrofa
Locally extinct The following species are locally extinct in the country: European bison, Bison bonasus European mink, Mustela lutreola Brown bear, Ursus arctos
See also List of chordate orders Lists of mammals by region List of prehistoric mammals Mammal classification List of mammals described in the 2000s
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