This is a list of the mammal species recorded in Sri Lanka, with their respective names in Sinhala also listed. There are 125 mammal species in Sri Lanka, of which one is critically endangered, ten are endangered, ten are vulnerable, and three are near threatened.This list is derived from the IUCN Red List which lists species of mammals and includes those mammals that have recently been classified as extinct (since 1500 AD). The taxonomy and naming of the individual species is based on those used in existing Wikipedia articles as of 21 May 2007 and supplemented by the common names and taxonomy from the IUCN, Smithsonian Institution, or University of Michigan where no Wikipedia article was available.
The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature: EX Extinct No reasonable doubt that the last individual has died. EW Extinct in the wild Known only to survive in captivity or as naturalized populations well outside its previous range. CR Critically endangered The species is in imminent risk of extinction in the wild. EN Endangered The species is facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild. VU Vulnerable The species is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild. NT Near threatened The species does not yet meet any of the criteria that would categorise it as risking extinction, but it is likely to do so in the future. LC Least concern There are no current identifiable risks to the species. DD Data deficient There is inadequate information to make an assessment of the risks to this species.
Some species were assessed using an earlier set of criteria. Species assessed using this system have the following instead of near threatened and least concern categories: LR/cd Lower risk/conservation dependent Species which were the focus of conservation programmes and may have moved into a higher risk category if that programme had been discontinued. LR/nt Lower risk/near threatened Species which are close to being classified as vulnerable, but are not the subject of conservation programmes. LR/lc Lower risk/least concern Species for which there are no identifiable risks.
Mammalian diversity Class Order Number of species Endemic species EndemismMammals Sirenia Proboscidea Primates Rodentia Lagomorpha Eulipotyphla Chiroptera Carnivora Pholidota Artiodactyla Perissodactyla Cetacea
Order: Proboscidea (elephants) Name Binomial Subspecies StatusAsian elephantඅලියාElephas maximus Sri Lankan elephant, Elephas maximus maximus Endangered
Order: Sirenia (sea cows) Sirenia is an order of fully aquatic, herbivorous mammals that inhabit rivers, estuaries, coastal marine waters, swamps, and marine wetlands. All four species are endangered.
Name Binomial Subspecies StatusDugongමුහුදු ඌරා Dugong dugon
Order: Primates The order Primates contains humans and their closest relatives: lemurs, lorisoids, monkeys, and apes.
Name Binomial Subspecies StatusGray slender lorisඅලු උණහපුලුවාLoris lydekkerianus Northern Ceylonese slender loris,Loris lydekkerianus nordicus Highland slender loris,Loris lydekkerianus grandis Least concernRed slender lorisශ්රී ලංකා රත් උණහපුලුවාLoris tardigradus Mountain slender loris,Loris tardigradus nycticeboides Lowland slender loris,Loris tardigradus tardigradus EndangeredToque macaqueරිලවාMacaca sinica Dryzone toque macaque,Macaca sinica sinica Wetzone toque macaque,Macaca sinica aurifrons Highland toque macaque,Macaca sinica opisthomelas EndangeredTufted gray langurහැලි වඳුරා Semnopithecus priam Sri Lanka tufted grey langur,Semnopithecus priam thersites Near threatenedPurple-faced langurශ්රී ලංකා කලු වඳුරා Semnopithecus vetulus Southern lowland wetzone purple-faced langur,Trachypithecus vetulus vetulus Western purple-faced langur,Trachypithecus vetulus nestor Dryzone purple-faced langur,Trachypithecus vetulus philbricki Bear monkey,Trachypithecus vetulus monticola Northern purple-faced langur,Trachypithecus vetulus harti (not yet given validity) Endangered
Order: Rodentia (rodents) Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40% of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be kept short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to .
Name Binomial Subspecies StatusLesser bandicoot ratමහ ඌරු මීයාBandicota bengalensis Least concernGreater bandicoot ratහීන් ඌරු මීයාBandicota indica Least concernLayard's palm squirrelශ්රී ලංකා මූකලන් ලේනාFunambulus layardi VulnerableDusky striped squirrelශ්රී ලංකා පුංචි ලේනාFunambulus obscurus VulnerableIndian palm squirrelලේනාFunambulus palmarum Funambulus palmarum palmarum Least concernIndian bush ratපදුරු මීයාGolunda ellioti Least concernIndian porcupineඉත්තෑවාHystrix indica Least concernBlanford's ratවලිග සුදු වන මීයාMadromys blanfordi Least concernSoft-furred ratකෙස් මුදු කෙත් මීයාMillardia meltada Least concernLittle Indian field mouseවෙල් හීන් මීයාMus booduga Least concernCeylon spiny mouseශ්රී ලංකා කටු හීන් මීයාMus fernandoni EndangeredMayor's mouseශ්රී ලංකා දෙපැහැ කටු හීන් මීයාMus mayori VulnerableHouse mouseගෙවල් මීයාMus musculusMus musculus castaneus Least concernIndian giant flying squirrelමහ හම්බාවාPetaurista philippensis Least concernTravancore flying squirrelහීන් හම්බාවාPetinomys fuscocapillus Petinomys fuscocapillus layardi Near threatenedNillu ratනෙලූ මීයාRattus montanus EndangeredBrown ratපොදු ගේ මීයාRattus norvegicus Least concernGrizzled giant squirrelදඬු ලේනාRatufa macroura Highland giant squirrel,Ratufa macroura macroura Dryzone giant squirrel,Ratufa macroura dandolena Intermediate giant squirrel,Ratufa macroura melanochra Near threatenedOhiya ratශ්රී ලංකා දෙපැහැ මීයාSrilankamys ohiensis VulnerableIndian gerbilවැලි මීයාTatera indica Least concernAsiatic long-tailed climbing mouseගස් මීයාVandeleuria oleracea Least concern
Order: Lagomorpha (lagomorphs)
The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early 20th century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two.
Name Binomial Subspecies StatusIndian hareවල් හාවාLepus nigricollis L. n. singhala
Order: Soricomorpha (shrews, moles, and solenodons) The "shrew-forms" are insectivorous mammals. The shrews and solenodons closely resemble mice, while the moles are stout-bodied burrowers. Name Binomial Subspecies StatusSinharaja shrewශ්රී ලංකා සිංහරාජ කුණු හික් මීයාCrocidura hikmiya EndangeredHorsefield's shrewකුණු හික් මීයාCrocidura horsfieldii Data deficientSri Lankan long-tailed shrewශ්රී ලංකා කුණු හික් මීයාCrocidura miya EndangeredKelaart's long-clawed shrewපිරි හික් මීයාFeroculus feroculus EndangeredPearson's long-clawed shrewශ්රී ලංකා නිය දිගු මාහික් මීයාSolisorex pearsoni EndangeredEtruscan shrewපොඩි හික් මීයාSuncus etruscus Least concernSri Lanka shrewශ්රී ලංකා පොඩි හික් මීයාSuncus fellowesgordoni EndangeredSri Lanka highland shrewශ්රී ලංකා කදු හික් මීයාSuncus montanus VulnerableAsian house shrewපොදු හික් මීයාSuncus murinus Least concernJungle shrewශ්රී ලංකා කැලෑ හික් මීයාSuncus zeylanicus Endangered
Order: Chiroptera (bats) The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.
Name Binomial Subspecies StatusLesser short-nosed fruit batහීන් තල වවුලාCynopterus brachyotisGreater short-nosed fruit batතල වවුලාCynopterus sphinx Least concernIndian flying foxමා වවුලාPteropus giganteusLeschenault's rousetteබොර කහ පලා වවුලාRousettus leschenaulti Least concernHardwicke's woolly batහාඩ්විකිගේ කිරි වවුලාKerivoula hardwickii Least concernPainted batරත් බොර කිරි වවුලාKerivoula picta Least concernLesser large-footed batබොර වවුලාMyotis hasseltii Least concernChocolate pipistrelleබොර හීන් වවුලාFalsistrellus affinis Least concernTickell's batඅවර වවුලාHesperoptenus tickelli Least concernKelaart's pipistrelleරත් බොර කොස්ඇට වවුලාPipistrellus ceylonicus Least concernIndian pipistrelleඉන්දු කොස්ඇට වවුලාPipistrellus coromandra Least concernGreater Asiatic yellow batමහ කහ වවුලාScotophilus heathii Least concernLesser Asiatic yellow batහීන් කහ වවුලාScotophilus kuhlii Least concernRound-eared tube-nosed batනළ නැහැ වවුලාMurina cyclotis Least concernEastern bent-wing batදික්පිය වවුලාMiniopterus fuliginosus Least concernWrinkle-lipped free-tailed batපොදු රැලිතොල් වවුලාChaerephon plicata Least concernEgyptian free-tailed batමහදිව් රැලිතොල් වවුලාTadarida aegyptiaca Least concernNaked-rumped pouched batපැස්පිරී වවුලාSaccolaimus saccolaimus Least concernLong-winged tomb batදික්බා කෙපුලුම් වවුලාTaphozous longimanus Least concernBlack-bearded tomb batරැවුලකලු කෙපුලුම් වවුලාTaphozous melanopogon Least concernGreater false vampire batමහ බොරු ලේ වවුලාMegaderma lyra Least concernLesser false vampire batකන්දිගු බොරු ලේ වවුලාMegaderma spasma Least concernLesser woolly horseshoe batහීන් අස්ලාඩම් වවුලාRhinolophus beddomei Least concernWoolly horseshoe batඅස්ලාඩම් වවුලාRhinolophus luctus Least concernRufous horseshoe batබොරත් අස්ලාඩම් වවුලාRhinolophus rouxi Least concernDusky leaf-nosed batදෙපැහැ පත්නැහැ වවුලාHipposideros ater Least concernFulvus roundleaf batමැලෑකහ පත්නැහැ වවුලාHipposideros fulvus Least concernCantor's roundleaf batකෙස්දිගු පත්නැහැ වවුලාHipposideros galeritus Least concernIndian roundleaf batමහ පත්නැහැ වවුලාHipposideros lankadiva Least concernSchneider's leaf-nosed batකෙස්කෙටි පත්නැහැ වවුලාHipposideros speoris Least concern
Order: Pholidota (pangolins) The order Pholidota comprises the eight species of pangolin. Pangolins are anteaters and have the powerful claws, elongated snout and long tongue seen in the other unrelated anteater species.
Name Binomial Subspecies StatusIndian pangolinකබල්ලෑවාManis crassicaudata
Order: Cetacea (cetaceans) The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater.