Ryzhkov (feminine: Ryzhkova) is a Russian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Alexey Ryzhkov (born 1972), Russian serial killer Daria Ryzhkova (born 1995), Russian water polo player Igor Ryzhkov (born 1988), Russian footballer Nikolai Ryzhkov (1929–2024), Soviet politician Oleksandra Ryzhkova (born 1980), Ukrainian politician Serhiy Ryzhkov (1958–2017), Ukrainian constructor and ecologist Vladimir Ryzhkov (born 1966), Russian liberal politician Vladislav Ryzhkov (born 1990), Russian footballer Yevgeniy Ryzhkov (born 1985), Kazakhstani swimmer Vinicius Moore Ryzkhov (born 1965), Brazilian-Russian-American politician