Temascaltepec is a municipality located in the Ixtapan Region of the State of Mexico in Mexico. Temascaltepec has an area of 547.5 km2. It borders the municipalities of Valle de Bravo, Amanalco de Becerra, Tejupilco, San Simón de Guerrero, Texcaltitlán, Zinacantepec, Coatepec Harinas, and Zacazonapan. Temascaltepec's population was 26,968 in 1990, but rose to 30,336 by 2005, according to INEGI.
History This area was home to Nahuas, Matlatzincas and Mazahuas. Temascaltepec may have originally been a subject town of nearby Texcaltitlán. It was conquered by Aztec emperor Axayacatl and was designated the capital of a strategic province. It fought wars with the neighboring Purepecha Empire to the west.
Geography The Mountain of Temascaltepec is a prolongation of Nevado de Toluca and crosses the municipality. The most significant elevations are the hills of Temeroso, Soledad, Fortin, Peñas del Diablo, Peñon, Tres Reyes and Juan Luis. The three main rivers of Temascaltepec are Verde or De la Presa, Vado, and Temascaltepec. All three rivers experience water flow year-round. In addition, there are 41 freshwater springs. The municipality is warm and subtropical in the north and east, and semi-arid in the south and west. Average temperatures vary between and annual precipitation is from .
Flora and fauna The area hosts a diverse array of flora and fauna. Plant life include: ash trees (Fraxinus spp.), pine (Pinus spp.), oyamel (Abies religiosa), holm oak (Quercus ilex), cedar, sabino, guaje (Leucaena esculenta), tepegauje (Lysiloma acapulcense), madroño (Arbutus xalapensis), mahogany (Swietenia spp.), Jacaranda spp., capulín (Prunus salicifolia), guavas (Psidium spp.), such as arrayán (P. sartorianum), mangos (Mangifera spp.), copal (Copaifera spp.) and peanut (Arachis hypogaea).
Animal life include cats, deer, collared peccary (Pecari tajacu), squirrels, cuinique (Notocitellus adocetus), long-tailed weasel (Mustela frenata), hares, nine-banded armadillo, tejón (Nasua narica), tigrillo, bats, pocket gophers, skunks, cacomiztle (Bassariscus astutus), gray fox (Urocyon cinereoargenteus), sparrowhawks (Accipiter spp.), eagles, vulture, common raven (Corvus corax), quebrantahueso (Caracara cheriway), owls, magpie-jays (Calocitta spp.), chachalaca, quail, huilota (Zenaida macroura), corn birds, turtledove, bobo, multo birds, chichicuilote (possibly Charadrius wilsonia), tortoises, cincuantes, scorpions, alicante, toads, lizards, frogs and axolotls (Ambystoma mexicanum).
The principal natural resources, aside from minerals, are the forests, being present on 68% of the territory. The remaining territory is distributed amongst agricultural use, urban zones, breeding grounds, ways and water-bearing areas.
Politics MayorTime Darío Basurto González 2000-2003 Sergio Rubí González 2003-2006 Noe Barrueta Barrón 2006-2009 Hugo Ernesto Jaramillo Colin 2009-2012 José Alejandro Galicia Nuñez 2013-2015 Noé Barrueta Barrón 2016-2018 Erik Ramírez Hernández 2019-2021
Demographics Town 2010 Census Population Total Temascaltepec de González La Albarrada (San Francisco la Albarrada) San Sebastián Carboneras (Carboneras) Carnicería El Cerro Pelón Cieneguillas de González(Cieneguillas)Cieneguillas de LabraLa ComunidadLa Estancia de TequesquipanLa FincaLa GuacamayaJesús del MonteLabor las CabrasLampazosMesón ViejoMilpas ViejasPedregales de TequesquipanEl PeñónPlan de VigasPotrero de San José (La Rinconada)Potrero de TenayacReal de ArribaRincón de AtarasquilloRincón de San AndrésRincón de TequesquipanEl SalitreSan Andrés de los GamaSan Antonio AlbarranesSan Francisco OxtotilpanSan Lucas del PulqueSan Mateo AlmomoloaSan Miguel OxtotilpanSan Pedro TenayacTelpintlaSan Martín Tequesquipan (Tequesquipan)Los TimbresLas TrancasEl TuleManzana de Tequesquipan (Las Manzanas)San JuanHoyos de VázquezCajonesLa CumbreEl Chilar del Ejido de las TrancasBarrio la Magdalena (La Magdalena)Los OcotesParedonesEl VaralBarrio de CantarranasBarrio la Cascada (Barrio del Varal)La LagunaLa LobaLas Mesas de Real de ArribaPueblo NuevoFraccionamiento Campestre Rancho ViejoSan JoséEl SalitreSantanasEjido Real de ArribaManzana del JabalíGranjas de CieneguillasLa OrejetaMina del RincónFraccionamiento Campestre
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