This is a list of cases reported in volume 157 of United States Reports, decided by the Supreme Court of the United States in 1895.

Justices of the Supreme Court at the time of volume 157 U.S.

The Supreme Court is established by Article III, Section 1 of the Constitution of the United States, which says: "The judicial Power of the United States, shall be vested in one supreme Court . . .". The size of the Court is not specified; the Constitution leaves it to Congress to set the number of justices. Under the Judiciary Act of 1789 Congress originally fixed the number of justices at six (one chief justice and five associate justices). Since 1789 Congress has varied the size of the Court from six to seven, nine, ten, and back to nine justices (always including one chief justice).

When the cases in volume 157 were decided the Court comprised the following nine members:

Portrait Justice Office Home State Succeeded Date confirmed by the Senate(Vote) Tenure on Supreme Court Melville Fuller Chief Justice Illinois Morrison Waite (41–20) –July 4, 1910(Died) Stephen Johnson Field Associate Justice California newly created seat (Acclamation)–December 1, 1897(Retired) John Marshall Harlan Associate Justice Kentucky David Davis (Acclamation) –October 14, 1911(Died) Horace Gray Associate Justice Massachusetts Nathan Clifford (51–5) –September 15, 1902(Died) David Josiah Brewer Associate Justice Kansas Stanley Matthews (53–11) –March 28, 1910(Died) Henry Billings Brown Associate Justice Michigan Samuel Freeman Miller (Acclamation) –May 28, 1906(Retired) George Shiras Jr. Associate Justice Pennsylvania Joseph P. Bradley (Acclamation) –February 23, 1903(Retired) Howell Edmunds Jackson Associate Justice Tennessee Lucius Quintus Cincinnatus Lamar (Acclamation) –August 8, 1895(Died) Edward Douglass White Associate Justice Louisiana Samuel Blatchford (Acclamation) –December 18, 1910(Continued as chief justice)

Notable Case in 157 U.S. Pollock v. Farmers' Loan & Trust Co. Pollock v. Farmers' Loan & Trust Co., 157 U.S. 429, affirmed on rehearing, 158 U.S. 601 (1895), was a landmark case of the Supreme Court of the United States. In a 5-to-4 decision, the Court struck down the income tax imposed by the Wilson–Gorman Tariff Act for being an unapportioned direct tax. The decision was superseded in 1913 by the Sixteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, which allows Congress to levy income taxes without apportioning them among the states.

Citation style

Under the Judiciary Act of 1789 the federal court structure at the time comprised District Courts, which had general trial jurisdiction; Circuit Courts, which had mixed trial and appellate (from the US District Courts) jurisdiction; and the United States Supreme Court, which had appellate jurisdiction over the federal District and Circuit courts—and for certain issues over state courts. The Supreme Court also had limited original jurisdiction (i.e., in which cases could be filed directly with the Supreme Court without first having been heard by a lower federal or state court). There were one or more federal District Courts and/or Circuit Courts in each state, territory, or other geographical region.

The Judiciary Act of 1891 created the United States Courts of Appeals and reassigned the jurisdiction of most routine appeals from the district and circuit courts to these appellate courts. The Act created nine new courts that were originally known as the "United States Circuit Courts of Appeals." The new courts had jurisdiction over most appeals of lower court decisions. The Supreme Court could review either legal issues that a court of appeals certified or decisions of court of appeals by writ of certiorari.

Bluebook citation style is used for case names, citations, and jurisdictions. "# Cir." = United States Court of Appeals e.g., "3d Cir." = United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit "C.C.D." = United States Circuit Court for the District of . . . e.g.,"C.C.D.N.J." = United States Circuit Court for the District of New Jersey "D." = United States District Court for the District of . . . e.g.,"D. Mass." = United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts "E." = Eastern; "M." = Middle; "N." = Northern; "S." = Southern; "W." = Western e.g.,"C.C.S.D.N.Y." = United States Circuit Court for the Southern District of New York e.g.,"M.D. Ala." = United States District Court for the Middle District of Alabama "Ct. Cl." = United States Court of Claims The abbreviation of a state's name alone indicates the highest appellate court in that state's judiciary at the time. e.g.,"Pa." = Supreme Court of Pennsylvania e.g.,"Me." = Supreme Judicial Court of Maine

List of cases in volume 157 U.S.

Case Name Page & year Opinion of the Court Concurring opinion(s) Dissenting opinion(s) Lower Court Disposition Bate Refrigerating Co. v. Sulzberger1 (1895) Harlan none none 2d Cir. certification Frost v. Wenie46 (1895) Harlan none none C.C.D. Kan. affirmed The Ludvig Holberg60 (1895) Brown none none C.C.S.D.N.Y. affirmed Baltimore & P.R.R. Co. v. MacKey72 (1895) Harlan none none Sup. Ct. D.C. affirmed Pullman P.C. Co. v. Metropolitan St. Ry. Co.94 (1895) Harlan none none C.C.W.D. Mo. reversed United States v. Piatt113 (1895) Harlan none none C.C.N.D. Cal. reversed United States v. Salisbury121 (1895) Harlan none none C.C.N.D. Cal. reversed The Caledonia124 (1895) Fuller none Brown C.C.D. Mass. affirmed Cooper v. Dobson148 (1895) Shiras none none C.C.E.D. Pa. reversed Neel v. Pennsylvania Co.153 (1895) Fuller none none C.C.N.D. Ohio reversed Beuttell v. Magone154 (1895) White none none C.C.S.D.N.Y. reversed Frisbie v. United States160 (1895) Brewer none none C.C.E.D. La. affirmed Shields v. Coleman168 (1895) Brewer none none C.C.E.D. Tenn. continued Seeberger v. Wright et al. Co.183 (1895) Brown none none C.C.N.D. Ill. affirmed Stokes v. United States187 (1895) Brown none none C.C.S.D. Ala. affirmed Morgan v. Potter195 (1895) Gray none none 8th Cir. certification Michels v. Olmstead198 (1895) Gray none none C.C.W.D. Mo. affirmed Mexican N.R.R. Co. v. Davidson 201 (1895) Fuller none none 2d Cir. certification Chicago et al. R.R. Co. v. Pontius209 (1895) Fuller none none Kan. affirmed Baker v. Wood212 (1895) Fuller none none C.C.D. Colo. reversed New Orleans et al. R.R. Co. v. Louisiana ex rel. City of New Orleans219 (1895) Harlan none none La. affirmed Pennsylvania R.R. Co. v. Wabash et al. Ry. Co.225 (1895) Harlan none none C.C.N.D. Ill. affirmed California v. Southern P. Co.229 (1895) Fuller Field Harlan original dismissed Wailes v. Smith271 (1895) White none none Md. dismissed Statler v. United States277 (1895) White none none W.D. Pa. affirmed United States v. Sweeny281 (1895) Brown none none Ct. Cl. reversed Cochran v. United States286 (1895) Brown none none D. Colo. reversed Reagan v. United States301 (1895) Brewer none none W.D. Tex. affirmed Sanford F. & T. Co. v. Howe Brown & Co.312 (1895) Brewer none none C.C.D. Ind. reversed Johnson v. United States320 (1895) Brewer none none C.C.W.D. Ark. affirmed Bardon v. Land & R.I. Co.327 (1895) Fuller none none C.C.W.D. Wis. affirmed Walton v. Marietta C. Co.342 (1895) Gray none none C.C.S.D. Ohio amendment granted Gulf et al. Ry. Co. v. Shane348 (1895) White none none Ct. Indian Terr. reversed Barney v. Rickard352 (1895) Fuller none none C.C.S.D.N.Y. reversed Colvin v. City of Jacksonville368 (1895) Shiras none none C.C.S.D. Fla. dismissed Stevens' Adm'r v. Nichols370 (1895) Brewer none none Mo. affirmed Orchard v. Alexander372 (1895) Brewer none none Wash. affirmed Ralli v. Troop386 (1895) Gray none Brown C.C.S.D.N.Y. reversed Lutcher v. United States427 (1895) Fuller none none C.C.E.D. Tex. dismissed Pollock v. Farmers' Loan & Trust Co.429 (1895) Fuller Field White; Harlan C.C.S.D.N.Y. reversed Hyde v. Continental T. Co.654 (1895) Fuller none none C.C.S.D.N.Y. reversed Bergemann v. Backer655 (1895) Harlan none none C.C.D.N.J. affirmed Keeler v. Standard F.B. Co.659 (1895) Shiras none Brown C.C.D. Mass. reversed D. Rankin B. Mfg. Co. v. Barber673 (1895) Fuller none none C.C.D. Ind. dismissed Treat Mfg. Co. v. Standard S.I. Co.674 (1895) Fuller none none C.C.N.D. Ill. dismissed Allen v. United States675 (1895) Shiras none none C.C.W.D. Ark. reversed Jones v. East Tennessee et al. R.R. Co.682 (1895) Fuller none none C.C.E.D. Tenn. affirmed Last Chance M. Co. v. Tyler M. Co.683 (1895) Brewer none none 9th Cir. reversed Lambert v. Barrett697 (1895) Fuller none none C.C.D.N.J. dismissed

Notes and references

See also Certificate of division

External links Case reports in volume 157 from Library of Congress Case reports in volume 157 from Court Listener Case reports in volume 157 from the Caselaw Access Project of Harvard Law School Case reports in volume 157 from Google Scholar Case reports in volume 157 from Justia Case reports in volume 157 from Open Jurist Website of the United States Supreme Court United States Courts website about the Supreme Court National Archives, Records of the Supreme Court of the United States American Bar Association, How Does the Supreme Court Work? The Supreme Court Historical Society