This is a list of European commissioners by member state of the European Union. Each name is a member of the European Commission and hold a specific portfolio within the college, led by the president of the European Commission. They operate similarly as European-level equivalents to national government ministers. Each member state of the European Union has the right to a single commissioner (before the Barroso I Commission in November 2004, the five largest states—France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the United Kingdom—were granted two) and appoints them in consultation with the president.
The accession of Romania and Bulgaria in 2007 raised the number of commissioners from 25 to 27, and after the accession of Croatia in 2013 the number of commissioners raised to 28. The United Kingdom left the EU on 31 January 2020, and did not nominate a commissioner when the Juncker Commission ended on 1 December 2019.
Below is a list of all past and present European commissioners according to the member state they were nominated by, including the presidents of the European Coal and Steel Community and European Atomic Energy Community. The colours indicate their European political family background (blue for conservative or centre-right, mainly the European People's Party; red for left-wing or social democrats, mainly the Party of European Socialists; yellow for centrist or liberals, mainly the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party; green for green politicians, mainly the European Green Party; grey for independents or unknowns; and their pan-European predecessors).
European commissioners by current member state Austria NamePortfolioStartEndCommissionNational partyEuropean partyAgriculture and Rural DevelopmentSanter ÖVPEPPAgriculture, Rural Development and FisheriesProdiExternal Relations and European Neighbourhood PolicyBarroso IÖVPEPPTrade and European Neighbourhood PolicyRegional PolicyBarroso IIÖVPEPPJustice, Fundamental Rights and Citizenship (acting)Justice, Fundamental Rights and Citizenship (acting)European Neighbourhood Policy and Enlargement NegotiationsJunckerRegional Policy (acting)Budget and AdministrationInternal Affairs and MigrationpresentÖVPEPP
Belgium NamePortfolioStartEndCommissionNational partyEuropean partyExternal RelationsHallstein IPLPALDEExternal RelationsHallstein IIPresidentReyBudget, Credit, Investment, Press and InformationReyCVPEPPSocial Affairs, Transport, Personnel, Administration, Credit, Investment, Budget and Financial ControlMalfattiSocial Affairs, Transport, Personnel, Administration, Credit, Investment, Budget and Financial ControlMansholtTaxation, Financial Institutions and Energy (Vice President)OrtoliPSPESInternal Market, Industrial Affairs and Customs UnionJenkinsCDHEPPIndustrial Affairs, Energy, Research and Science (Vice President)ThornExternal Relations and TradeDelors IPVVALDETransport, Credit, Investment, and Consumer ProtectionDelors IISP.APESCompetition, Personnel and Administration (Vice President)Delors IIICompetitionSanter ResearchProdiPSPESResearchProdiMRALDEDevelopment and Humanitarian AidBarroso IDevelopment and Humanitarian AidBarroso IVLDALDETradeBarroso IIEmployment, Social Affairs, Skills and Labour MobilityJunckerCD&VEPPJusticeDidier Reynders was on leave from 15 April 2024 – 25 June 2024 while being considered for Secretary General of the Council of Europe. Věra Jourová served as Acting Commissioner.MRALDECompetition (acting)Equality; Preparedness and Crisis ManagementpresentMRALDE
Bulgaria NamePortfolioStartEndCommissionNational partyEuropean partyConsumer ProtectionBarroso INDSVALDEKuneva, now affiliated to the conservative grouping, was affiliated to the liberals during the Barroso I Commission.International Cooperation, Humanitarian Aid and Crisis ResponseBarroso IIGERBEPPBudget and Human Resources (Vice President)JunckerDigital Economy and SocietyJunckerGERBEPPInnovation, Research, Culture, Education and YouthMariya Gabriel was on leave from 10 May 2023 – 15 May 2023 to participate in the government formation following the 2023 Bulgarian parliamentary election, and then resigned on 15 May 2023 to serve as Minister for Foreign Affairs. Initially, Margrethe Vestager served as Acting Commissioner for Innovation and Research and Margaritis Schinas served as Acting Commissioner for Culture, Education and Youth. When Vestager began her own leave on 5 September 2023, Schinas took over the whole portfolio until Iliana Ivanova took office.Von der Leyen IInnovation, Research, Culture, Education and YouthGERBEPPStartups, Research and InnovationpresentGERBEPP
Croatia NamePortfolioStartEndCommissionNational partyEuropean partyConsumer ProtectionNeven Mimica was on leave from 19 April 2014 – 25 May 2014 to campaign in the 2014 European Parliament election. László Andor served as Acting Commissioner.Barroso IISDPPESInternational Cooperation and DevelopmentJunckerDemocracy and Demography (Vice President)HDZEPPMediterraneanpresent
Cyprus NamePortfolioStartEndCommissionNational partyEuropean partyBudgetProdiDIKOPESHealth and Consumer ProtectionBarroso IHealthHealthBarroso IEDIALDEEducation, Culture, Multilingualism and YouthBarroso IIChristos StylianidesHumanitarian Aid and Crisis ManagementJunckerDISYEPPHealth and Food SafetyDISYEPPFisheries and OceanspresentInd.Ind.
Czech Republic NamePortfolioStartEndCommissionNational partyEuropean partyHealth and Consumer ProtectionProdiUS-DEUALDEEmployment, Social Affairs and Equal OpportunitiesBarroso IČSSDPESEnlargement and European Neighbourhood PolicyBarroso IIČSSDPESJustice, Consumers and Gender EqualityJunckerANOANO left ALDE on 21 June 2024.ALDEValues and Transparency (Vice President)A Europe Fit for the Digital Age (acting)Justice (acting)International PartnershipspresentVon der Leyen IISTANInd.Mayors and Independents is in the EPP Group but does not belong to any European party.
Denmark NamePortfolioStartEndCommissionNational partyEuropean partyInternal Market and Customs UnionOrtoliSDPESAgriculture and Fisheries (Vice President)JenkinsAgricultureThornAgricultureThornSDPESBudget, Financial Control, Personnel and Administration (Vice President)Delors IVALDEEconomic and Financial Affairs (Vice President)Delors IIEconomic, Financial and Monetary Affairs, Credit and Investment (Vice President)Delors IIIEnvironment and Nuclear SafetySanter SDPESDevelopment and Humanitarian AidProdiSDPESAgriculture and Rural DevelopmentBarroso IVALDEClimate ActionBarroso IIKFEPPCompetitionJunckerRVALDEA Europe Fit for the Digital Age (Executive Vice President)Margrethe Vestager was on leave from 5 September 2023 – 8 December 2023 while being considered for President of the European Investment Bank. Věra Jourová served as Acting Commissioner for A Europe Fit for the Digital Age and Didier Reynders served as Acting Commissioner for Competition.CompetitionInnovation and Research (acting)Energy and HousingpresentVon der Leyen IISDPES
Estonia NamePortfolioStartEndCommissionNational partyEuropean partyEconomic and Monetary AffairsProdiERALDEAdministrative Affairs, Audit and Anti-Fraud (Vice President)Barroso ITransport (Vice President)Barroso IIEconomic and Monetary Affairs and the Euro (acting)Economic and Monetary Affairs and the Euro (acting)Digital Single Market (Vice President)JunckerERALDEDigital Economy and Society (acting)Kristalina Georgieva resigned on 1 January 2017 to serve as Chief Executive of the World Bank Group. Günther Oettinger assumed her portfolio for Budget and Human Resources, while Andrus Ansip served as Acting Commissioner for Digital Economy and Society (Oettinger's original portfolio) until Mariya Gabriel took office.EnergyEKALDEForeign Affairs and Security Policy (Vice President)presentERALDE
Finland NamePortfolioStartEndCommissionNational partyEuropean partyBudget, Personnel and AdministrationSanter SDPPESEnterprise and Information SocietyProdiEnterprise and Information SocietyProdiSKALDEEnlargementBarroso IEconomic and Monetary AffairsBarroso IIEconomic and Monetary Affairs and the Euro (Vice President)Olli Rehn was on leave from 7 April 2014 – 25 May 2014 to campaign in the 2014 European Parliament election, and then resigned on 1 July 2014 to serve as a Member of the European Parliament. Siim Kallas served as Acting Commissioner during his leave and again until the end of the Barroso II Commission.Barroso IIEconomic and Monetary Affairs and the Euro (Vice President)Barroso IIKOKEPPJobs, Growth, Investment and Competitiveness (Vice President)JunckerInternational PartnershipsJutta Urpilainen was on leave from 2 December 2023 – 28 January 2024 to campaign in the 2024 Finnish presidential election. Margaritis Schinas served as Acting Commissioner.SDPPESTech Sovereignty, Security and Democracy (Executive Vice President)presentVon der Leyen IIKOKEPP
France NamePortfolioStartEndCommissionNational partyEuropean partyOverseas DevelopmentHallstein IUnknownEconomic and Financial Affairs (Vice President)Hallstein ISFIOPESEconomic and Financial Affairs (Vice President)Hallstein IIOverseas DevelopmentHallstein IIUnknownOverseas DevelopmentReyEconomic and Financial Affairs (Vice President)ReyUDFALDEEconomic and Financial Affairs (Vice President)MalfattiEconomic and Financial Affairs (Vice President)MansholtEnlargement and Development AidMalfattiUDFALDEEnlargement and Development AidMansholtDevelopment, Budget and Financial ControlOrtoliPresidentOrtoliUDR /RPROrtoli was a party member of the UDR until 5 December 1976, after which he served as a member of the RPR.EPPEconomics, Finance, Credit and Investment (Vice President)JenkinsEconomics, Finance, Credit and Investment (Vice President)ThornDevelopment, Budget and Financial ControlOrtoliPSPESDevelopmentJenkinsDevelopmentThornMediterranean Policy and North-South RelationsDelors IDevelopmentThornPSPESPresidentDelors IPSPESPresidentDelors IIPresidentDelors IIITaxation and Customs UnionDelors IIPRALDETaxation, Customs Union and Consumer ProtectionDelors IIIEconomic and Financial Affairs, Credit and InvestmentSanter RPREPPResearch, Science, Technological Development, Education, Culture, Multilingualism and YouthSanter PSPESTradeProdiPSPESRegional PolicyProdiUMPEPPRegional PolicyProdiUMPEPPTransport (Vice President)Barroso IJustice, Freedom and Security (Vice President)Internal Market and Services (Vice President)Barnier was elevated to Vice President in the Barroso II Commission from 1 July 2014.Barroso IIUMPEPPIndustry and Entrepreneurship (acting)Industry and Entrepreneurship (acting)Economic and Financial Affairs, Taxation and CustomsJunckerPSPESInternal MarketInd.ALDEProsperity and Industrial Strategy (Vice President)presentREInd.Renaissance is in the Renew Europe Group but does not belong to any European party.
Germany