Armenians in Ukraine (; ) are ethnic Armenians who live in Ukraine. They number 99,894 according to the 2001 Ukrainian census.2001 Ukrainian census However, the country is also host to a number of Armenian guest workers which has yet to be ascertained. The Armenian population in Ukraine has nearly doubled since the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1989, largely due to instability in the Caucasus. Ukraine was home to the fifth largest Armenian community in the world before the invasion by Russia displaced millions of people.
Early history
Armenians first appeared in Ukraine during the times of Kyivan Rus'. During the 10th century individual Armenian merchants, mercenaries and craftsmen served at the courts of various Ruthenian rulers. A larger wave of Armenians settled in southeastern Ukraine after the fall of the Armenian capital of Ani to Seljuks in the 11th century. They arrived mainly at the Crimean peninsula and established colonies in Kaffa (Feodosiya), Sudak and Solcati (Staryi Krym). Their numbers were further strengthened throughout the 12th–15th century by Armenians fleeing from a Mongol invasion. This gave the peninsula the name Armenia Maritima in medieval chronicles. Smaller Armenian communities were established in central Ukraine, including Kyiv, and the western regions of Podolia and Halychyna, concentrating around Lviv which in 1267 became the center of an Armenian eparchy.
At the end of the thirteenth century, when members of the Armenian diaspora moved from the Crimean peninsula to the Polish-Ukrainian borderland, they brought Armeno-Kipchak, a Turkic language with them.An Armeno-Kipchak Chronicle on the Polish-Turkish Wars in 1620–1621,Robert Dankoff, p. 388 Armeno-Kipchak of the Kipchak people was still current in the 16th and 17th centuries among the Armenian communities settling in the Lviv and Kamianets-Podilskyi area of what is now Ukraine.Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland – Page 85 by Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland
After Crimea fell to the Ottoman Turks in 1475 many Crimean Armenians moved further to the north-west to the already flourishing Armenian communities which gradually integrated into the local Polish and Ukrainian communities while maintaining their distinct identity through the Armenian Catholic Church.O sposobie pisania historii Ormian na ziemiach dzisiejszej Ukrainy Zachodniej In the 18th century Crimea fell under influence of the Russian Empire, which encouraged Crimean Armenians to settle in Russia and a large group of them came to the town of Rostov on Don in 1778, twenty years later Russia having conquered the peninsula called to colonize it and many Armenians arrived from Turkey, establishing new Armenian colonies. During World War II in 1944 Armenians were deported en masse along with Greeks, Bulgarians and Tatars as a "antisoviet element" and allowed to return only in the 1960s. During Soviet rule Armenians came together with people from other Soviet ruled nations to Ukraine to work in the heavy industry located in the eastern parts of the country.
Armenian community in modern Ukraine
Today, the Donetsk Oblast holds the greatest number of Armenians in Ukraine (~16 000, 0.33% of the population). Armenian communities can also be found in Dnipro, Kharkiv, Kherson, Kyiv, Luhansk, Mykolaiv, Zaporizhzhia, and Odesa where the late Ukrainian-Armenian artist Sarkis Ordyan spent most of his life. The city of Lviv is a "spiritual capital" of Armenians in Ukraine serving as an eparchial see for both Catholic and Apostolic churches, under which Ukraine as a single eparchy is split between both of them. Alas, the Armenian Catholic Archeparchy of Lviv is not occupied ever since the end of World War II and the Armenian Apostolic Church is predominant.
The Armenians continue to have a historic presence in Crimea, which remains under Russian control since the 2014 Russian military intervention in Ukraine. The 9,000 Armenians make up 0.43% of the population in the area and are numerous in major urban centers such as Sevastopol where they comprise 0.3% of the city's population. Hovhannes "Ivan" Aivazovsky, the world-renowned Armenian painter lived and worked his entire life in the Crimean city of Feodosiya.
Many Armenians living in Ukraine have been Russified with about half speaking Armenian as their mother tongue but over 43% speaking Russian and only 6% Ukrainian.2001 Ukrainian census
Distribution
Armenians in Ukraine by oblasts according to 2001 Ukrainian Census.
Oblast Armenians Donetsk Oblast 15,700 Kharkiv Oblast 11,100 Dnipropetrovsk Oblast 10,600 Autonomous Republic of Crimea 8,700 Odesa Oblast 7,400 Luhansk Oblast 6,600 Zaporizhzhia Oblast 6,400 City of Kyiv 4,900 Kherson Oblast 4,500 Mykolaiv Oblast 4,300 Poltava Oblast 2,600 Kyiv Oblast 2,300 Cherkasy Oblast 1,700 City of Sevastopol 1,300 Sumy Oblast 1,200 Vinnytsia Oblast 1,100 Zhytomyr Oblast 800 Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast 300 Rivne Oblast 300
Armenians in Ukraine by cities, according to the 2001 census:
City Armenians Kharkiv Kyiv Dnipro Odesa Donetsk Zaporizhzhia Luhansk Simferopol Mykolaiv Kryvyi Rih Kramatorsk Sevastopol Kherson Mariupol Makiivka
Notable representatives Józef Bartłomiej Zimorowic, Polish poet and historian of the Baroque era, burgomaster of Lviv Mikołaj Torosowicz, the first Armenian Catholic bishop of Lviv Grzegorz Piramowicz, Roman Catholic priest Karol Antoniewicz, Polish-Armenian Jesuit and missionary Sadok Barącz, Galician religious leader, historian, folklorist, archivist Roman Barącz (1856–1930) surgeon, otorhinolaryngologist, professor at the Faculty of Medicine of Lviv University, and collector (1849–1905), Polish sculptor Julian Oktawian Zachariewicz-Lwigród, Lviv architect Ignacy Łukasiewicz, Galician pharmacist, engineer, businessman, inventor, and philanthropist Dawid Abrahamowicz, Polish politician and social activist Adolf Abrahamowicz, Polish writer Kajetan Abgarowicz, Polish journalist and writer Ivan Aivazovsky (Crimean Armenian), painter Józef Teodorowicz, the last Armenian Catholic Archbishop of Lviv Tamara Tchinarova (partly Armenian), ballerina Sergei Parajanov, filmmaker Vagrich Bakhchanyan, graphic artist and designer Roman Balayan, film director Roza Sarkisian, theatre director Arsen Savadov, painter Vadym Novynskyi, oligarch Arsen Avakov (Armenian father, Ossetian mother), Ukrainian Minister of Interior (longest serving minister) David Manukyan, Greco Roman wrestler Oksana Markarova (partly Armenian), politician and the current Ambassador of Ukraine to the United States, former Minister of Finance Armen Akopyan, football player Jamala (Crimean Tatar father, Armenian mother), Ukrainian singer (winner of the Eurovision Song Contest) Artem Dalakian, boxer Gevorg Manukian, boxer Karen Balayan, judoka Erik Arushanian, wrestler Hor Ohannesian, wrestler Oleksandr Stepanyan, wrestler Artur Ayvazyan, sport shooter Armen Vardanyan, Greco-Roman wrestler Katerina Rohonyan, Ukrainian-American chess player (Woman Grandmaster) Serhiy Nigoyan, Euromaidan activist, first protester killed by shooting during the protest Valeriy Voskonyan, football player Artur Avahimyan, football player Evgeniya Doluhanova, chess player Olena Akopyan, skier Snizhana Babkina (Vartanian), actress Anahit Barseghyan, swimmer Ani Palian, paralimpic swimmer Renata Oganesian, ice skater Sarkis Ordyan, painter Meri Akopyan, philologist, Director of the Department of International Cooperation and European Integration of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine (2015-2021) Valery Geghamyan - artist Suto Mamoian - People's Deputy of Ukraine in the 9th Ukrainian Verkhovna Rada Sergei Grigoryants - Soviet dissident Henrikh Altunian - Soviet dissident and member of the Verkhovna Rada
Cultural heritage Armenian cultural heritage in Ukraine:
See also Armenian diaspora Armenians in Crimea Armenian Cathedral, Lviv Ukrainians in Armenia Armenia–Ukraine relations Armenians in Moldova Armenians in Poland Armenians in Russia Armenians in Romania
References
External links Вірмени в Україні Kyiv Armenian community