This is a list of architects of the Russian Federation, Soviet Union, Russian Empire, Tsardom of Russia and Grand Duchy of Moscow, both ethnic Russians and people of other ethnicities. This list also includes those who were born in the ///Tsardom of Russia/Grand Duchy of Moscow but later emigrated, and those who were born elsewhere but immigrated to the country and/or worked there for a significant period of time.
Attested biographies of architects in Russian history date back to 1475, when Aristotile Fioravanti, a native of Bologna, arrived in Moscow to build the Dormition Cathedral of the Moscow Kremlin. Foreign architects had a notable place in Russian and Soviet history, especially in the last quarter of the 18th century (Charles Cameron, Bartolomeo Rastrelli, Carlo Rossi and others) and in the first quarter of the 20th century (Mies van der Roe, Erich Mendelsohn, Ernst May and others). This list includes foreign architects whose primary, and most tangible work materialized on Russian soil (i.e. Cameron, Rastrelli, Rossi) while short-term assignments by visiting architects (Mies van der Roe, Mendelsohn, May) are omitted.
Alphabetical list
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A PortraitPersonNotable worksAloisio da Milano(15th–16th cc.) Grand Duchy of Moscowarchitect, fortification engineerThe walls and towers of the Moscow Kremlin along the Neglinnaya River, 1495;the stone chambers, which today constitute the first three floors of the Terem Palace 1499–1508; a moat (later dubbed the Alevizov moat in his honor) along the Kremlin Wall on the side of the Red Square, 1508–16.Aloisio the New(15th–16th cc.) Grand Duchy of MoscowarchitectSome sections of the Bakhchisaray palace, Crimea, before 1504;Archangel Cathedral, the burial place of Moscow's monarchs 1505–08;Cathedral of the Metropolitan Peter in Vysokopetrovsky Monastery, Moscow, admittedly the earliest rotunda in Russia 1514–17.
B
PortraitPersonNotable worksGavriil Baranovsky (1860–1920)eclectics and Art Nouveau architectBaltic Shipyard workshops (assistant to Ernest Gibert), St. Petersburg, 1880;Elisseeff Emporium, St. Petersburg, 1900–03; Buddhist Temple, St. Petersburg, 1909–15.Petr Baranovsky(1892–1984)architect, preservationist, restorerCredited with saving Saint Basil's Cathedral from destruction in the early 1930s, founding and managing the Kolomenskoye and Andrei Rublev museums, and developing modern restoration technologies;restored Golden Gate in Vladimir; restored Krutitsy Metochion in Moscow.Vasili Bazhenov (1737–1799)neoclassical and Gothic Revival architect, graphic artist, architectural theorist and educatorMoscow's Tsaritsyno Park buildings (first palace, Figurny Bridge, Opera House), 1775–86;Pashkov House in Moscow (attribution disputed), 1784–86.Leon Benois (1856–1928)(French descent)eclectical, neoclassical, Neo-Gothic and Russian Revival architect(son of Nicholas Benois)Roman Catholic cathedral of Notre-Dame of Lourdes in St. Petersburg (together with Marian Peretyatkovich), 1903–09;Alexander Nevsky Cathedral, Warsaw (later demolished), 1894–1912;The House of Benua in St. Petersburg (together with Albert Benois and Yuly Benois), 1911–14.Nicholas Benois (1813–1898)(French descent)Gothic Revival architect(father of Leon Benois, Alexander Benois and Albert Benois)A court architect to Nicholas I of Russia, he oversaw many projects in the imperial residence in Petergof, notably the Principal Imperial Stables, 1847–52;rebuilt the fountain cascades of Petergof;designed the number of the first railway stations in Russia, like in Strelna, Tsarskoe Selo, and New Petergof (latter in 1857).Alexander Bernadazzi (1831–1907)Karl Blank (1728–1793)Ilya Bondarenko (1867–1947)Joseph Bové (1784–1834)Vincenzo Brenna (1745–1820)Alexander Brullov (1798–1877)(French descent)Neoclassical architect and painter(self-portrait)Most of his works were created in St. Petersburg:Mikhaylovsky Theatre, 1831–33;Lutheran Church of St. Peter and St. Paul, 1833–38;Pulkovo Observatory, 1834–39; the Headquarters of Guard Corps on Palace Square, 1837–43;Pompei Hall, the Malachite Room and the White Hall in Winter Palace (after 1837).
C
PortraitPersonNotable worksCharles CameronCitizens or natives of the United Kingdom. (1743–1812)Francesco CamporesiCitizens or natives of Italy or its predecessor states. (1747–1831)Alberto Cavos(1800–1863)(Italian descent)neoclassical architect, theatre designer(the grandfather of Albert Benois, Leon Benois and Alexander Benois)Rebuilt the Bolshoi Kamenny Theatre in St. Petersburg, 1826–36 (mostly demolished and replaced by Saint Petersburg Conservatory);the Bolshoi Theatre in Moscow, 1853–56; completed rebuilding of the Mikhaylovsky Theatre in St. Petersburg, 1859; the Mariinsky Theatre in St. Petersburg, 1859–60.Serge Chermayeff (1900–1996)
D
PortraitPersonNotable worksAlexey Dushkin (1904–1977)
E
PortraitPersonNotable worksMikhail Eisenstein (1867–1921)
F
PortraitPersonNotable worksYury Felten(1730–1801)(German descent)baroque, neoclassical and Gothic Revival architect, engineerA court architect to Catherine the Great, he created most of his works in St. Petersburg:a heavy-lifting machine that moved the enormous Thunder Stone rock, the pedestal of the Bronze Horseman, 1770;Chesme Church and Palace, 1770–80;iron-cast grille of the Summer Garden, 1783;granite embankments of Neva, 1764–84the Old Hermitage wing of the Winter Palace, 1771–87.Aristotile Fioravanti(1415–1420 – c. 1486) Grand Duchy of MoscowRenaissance architect and engineerPalazzo del Podestà, Bologna, Italy, 1453;Dormition Cathedral, Moscow, 1475–79.Ivan Fomin (1872–1936)
G
PortraitPersonNotable worksDomenico Gilardi (1785–1845)Moisei GinzburgArchitect known primarily for conceptual projects and graphic design. (1892–1946)Ilya Golosov (1883–1945)Afanasy Grigoriev (1782–1868)Alexey Gornostaev (1808–1862)Fyodor Gornostaev (1867–1915)David Grimm(1823–1898)neo-Byzantine and Russian Revival style architectGrimm designed numerous Eastern Orthodox churches in Western Europe, Jerusalem and Russian Empire :Church of Maria Magdalene in Jerusalem, 1885–88;Cathedral of Saint Alexander Nevsky, Tbilisi, 1871–97 (demolished);Saint Vladimir Cathedral in Chersonesos, Crimea, 1858–97.
H
PortraitPersonNotable worksViktor Hartmann (1834–1873)William Heste (Hastie) (1763–1832)
I
PortraitPersonNotable worksBoris Iofan (1891–1976)constructivist and Stalin Empire style architectHouse on Embankment, Moscow, 1928–31;1931–33 winning draft of the Palace of Soviets (never built);Soviet Pavilions at 1937 World's Fair in Paris and 1939 World's Fair in New York City;Baumanskaya station of Moscow Metro, 1944.Illarion Ivanov-Schitz (1865–1937)
K
PortraitPersonNotable worksAlexander Kaminsky (1829–1897Matvey Kazakov (1738–1812)Lev Kekushev (1862–1919)Years of birth or death are unknown or disputed, see main article for clarifications.Roman Klein (1858–1924)Alexander Kokorinov (1726–1772)Fyodor Kon(fl. 1585–1600) Tsardom of Russiafortification engineer and architecta monument in Smolensk Kremlin on photothe walls and towers of Novospassky Monastery in Moscow and several other Russian monasteries;Bely Gorod fortification ring of Moscow, 1585–93 (in 18th–19th centuries replaced with the Boulevard Ring);Smolensk Kremlin, the largest one in Russia, 1597–1602.Ivan Kuznetsov (1867–1942)Andrey Kvasov (1720–1770)
L
PortraitPersonNotable worksNikolai Ladovsky (1881–1941)Nikolay Lanceray (1880–1942)Nikita Lazarev (1866–1932)Ivan Leonidov (1902–1959)El Lissitzky (1890–1941)Berthold LubetkinÉmigré, worked primarily outside of Russia/USSR (1901–1990)
M
PortraitPersonNotable worksIvan Mashkov (1867–1945)Georg Johann Mattarnovy (died 1719) Tsardom of RussiaBaroque architect and sculptorThe Third Winter Palace, St. Petersburg, 1719–21;Kunstkamera, St. Petersburg, 1719–27.Konstantin Melnikov (1890–1974)Adam Menelaws (between 1748 and 1756–1831)Miron Merzhanov (1895–1975)Maximilian Messmacher (1842–1906)Ivan Michurin (1700–1763)Ippolit Monighetti (1819–1878)Auguste de MontferrandCitizens or natives of France (1786–1858)Arkady Mordvinov (1896–1964)Nasreddin Muratkhanov (1904–1970)Russian Empire / Soviet Union An ethnic Turk, architect and civil engineer, migrated to Pakistan in 1950Minar-i Pakistan (23 March 1960 – 26 July 1967)Gaddafi Stadium, Lahore
N
PortraitPersonNotable worksNikolai Nikitin (1907–1973)structural designer and construction engineerInvented a number of innovative techniques, including the usage of prestressed concrete with wire ropes; works include:Moscow State University, 240 m, 1949–53;Warsaw Palace of Culture and Science, 237 m, 1952–55;Luzhniki Stadium in Moscow, 1955–56; The Motherland Calls statue on Mamayev Kurgan in Volgograd, 85 m, 1967; Ostankino Tower, 540 m, 1963–67; Nikitin-Travush 4000 project (4000 metres, precursor to X-Seed 4000)Ivan Nikolaev (1901–1979)Felix Novikov (1927–2022)
O
PortraitPersonNotable works Vyacheslav Oltarzhevsky (1880–1966)
P
PortraitPersonNotable works Alfred Parland (1842–1919) (Scottish descent)Church of the Resurrection of Christ in St. Petersburg Marian Peretyatkovich (1872–1916) Petrok Maly(? – c. 1539) Grand Duchy of MoscowCredited as a possible architect of the Ascension Church in Kolomenskoye (an early tented roof church), 1528–32; Kitai-gorod wall and towers (now mostly dismantled), 1533–38; Sebezh Kremlin wall (now dismantled), 1539Alexander Pomerantsev (1849–1918)Anatoly Polyansky (1928–1993)
Q
PortraitPersonNotable worksGiacomo Quarenghi (1744–1817)
R
PortraitPersonNotable worksBartolomeo Rastrelli (1700–1771)Ivan Rerberg (1869–1932)Antonio Rinaldi (1710–1794)Ivan Ropet (1845–1908)Carlo Rossi (1775–1849)Lev Rudnev (1885–1956)Stalin Empire style architectMoscow State University (1949–1953); Palace of Culture and Science in Warsaw, Poland, (1952–1955); Latvian Academy of Sciences, Riga, Latvia, (1953–1956).Marco Ruffo (15th century)
S
PortraitPersonNotable worksFyodor Schechtel (1859–1926)Xavier Schoellkopf (1869–1911)Apartment buildings in Paris, e.g. 29 boulevard de CourcellesVladimir Shchuko (1878–1939)Alexey Shchusev (1873–1949)Vladimir Osipovich Sherwood (1832–1897)Vladimir Vladimirovich Sherwood (1867–1930)Vladimir ShukhovStructural engineer involved in architectural projects. (1853–1939)Pietro Antonio Solari (15th century)Ivan Starov (1745–1808)Andrei Stackenschneider (1802–1865)Vasily Stasov (1769–1848)Joseph Sunlight (1888–1978)Pavel Suzor (1844–1919)eclectics and Art Nouveau architectOver 80 apartment, baths and corporate buildings in St. Petersburg, including:Ushakov House, 1882–83;First Mutual Credit Society House, 1888–90; Singer House, 1902–04;
T
PortraitPersonNotable worksVladimir Tatlin (1885–1953)Konstantin Thon (1794–1881)Domenico Trezzini(1670–1734) Tsardom of Russia(Swiss Italian)Petrine Baroque architectTrezzini was the first chief architect of the newly founded Saint Petersburg; he designed the first general plan of St. Petersburg, as well as plans of Kronstadt (1704) and the Alexander Nevsky Monastery (1717), and supervised a number of major projects:Peter and Paul Fortress (since 1703), with the Peter and Paul Cathedral inside, 1712–33;Peter the Great's Summer Palace, 1710–11; Twelve Collegia Building (now the main building of Saint Petersburg University), 1722–36.Zurab TsereteliSculptor involved in monument building projects. (born 1934)Yevgraph Tyurin (1793–1873)
U
PortraitPersonNotable worksDmitry Ukhtomsky (1719–1774)
V
PortraitPersonNotable worksVictor Vasnetsov (1848–1926)Alexander Vesnin (1883–1959)Leonid Vesnin (1880–1933)Victor Vesnin (1882–1950)Aleksandr Vitberg (1787–1855)Andrey Voronikhin(1759–1814)neoclassical and Empire style architect and painterneoclassical interiors of Stroganov Palace, St. Petersburg, 1793;Voronikhin colonnades and Lion cascade in Petergof;Kazan Cathedral, St. Petersburg, 1801–11;Saint Petersburg Mining Institute, 1806–11.Mikhail Vrubel (1856–1910)
Y