Scharwenka is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
(Ludwig) Philipp Scharwenka (1847–1917), German composer and music teacher (Franz) Xaver Scharwenka (1850–1924), Polish-German pianist, composer, and teacher Klindworth-Scharwenka Conservatory () Marianne Scharwenka, née Stresow (1856–1918), German violinist, wife of Philipp