LXDE

LXDE (abbreviation for Lightweight X11 Desktop Environment) is a free desktop environment with comparatively low resource requirements. This makes it especially suitable for use on older or resource-constrained personal computers such as netbooks or system on a chip computers.

LXDE was written in the C programming language, using the GTK 2 toolkit, and runs on Unix and other POSIX-compliant platforms, such as Linux and BSDs. The LXDE project aims to provide a fast and energy-efficient desktop environment.

LXDE uses rolling releases for its individual components (or for groups of components with coupled dependencies). The default window manager used is Openbox, but one can configure a third-party window manager for use with LXDE, such as Fluxbox, IceWM or Xfwm. LXDE includes GPL-licensed code as well as LGPL-licensed code.

History The project was started in 2006 by Taiwanese programmer Hong Jen Yee (), also known as PCMan, when he published PCManFM, a new file manager and the first module of LXDE.

In 2010, tests suggested that LXDE 0.5 had the lowest memory-usage of the four most-popular desktop environments of the time (the others being GNOME 2.29, KDE Plasma Desktop 4.4, and Xfce 4.6), and that it consumed less energy, which suggested mobile computers with Linux distributions running LXDE 0.5 drained their batteries at a slower pace than those with other desktop environments.

Qt port

Dissatisfied with GTK 3, Hong Jen Yee experimented with Qt in early 2013 and released the first version of a Qt-based PCManFM on 26 March 2013.

On 3 July 2013 Hong announced a Qt port of the full LXDE suite, and on 21 July Razor-qt and LXDE announced that they would merge the two projects. This merger meant that the GTK and the Qt versions would coexist for some time but, eventually, all original team efforts focused on the Qt port, LXQt.

GTK 3 port As of May 2020, there is an experimental GTK 3 port developed by the Arch Linux community. GTK 3 versions have already been developed for the following components: LXAppearance, LXAppearance-ObConf, LXDE-common, LXDE-icon-theme, LXDM, LXhotkey, LXInput, LXLauncher, LXPanel, LXRandR, LXSession, LXTask, LXTerminal, Openbox, PCManFM. One advantage of using GTK 3 is that GTK 3 programs run natively on Wayland. PCManFM is a popular file manager for use with tiling window managers and hence, having a Wayland-native PCManFM is useful for people that use Sway.

Current development Despite the original team moving to LXQt development, some other developers continued to maintain LXDE on GitHub and, as of March 2021, there are fresh commits to keep the GTK 2 version updated. As of July 2019, the LXTerminal release is based on GTK 3 to avoid dependencies on the old VTE lib.

Availability

Default desktop Loc-OS Knoppix LXLE Linux Trisquel Mini wattOS Alternative desktop Arch Linux Artix Linux Debian Devuan Fedora Raspberry Pi OS (later models use a heavily modified fork of LXDE called PIXEL which eventually added Wayland support, using Wayfire or labwc compositors)

Former default desktop Lubuntu (replaced by LXQt in 2018) Artix Linux (now available as an alternative desktop) Peppermint OS (replaced by Xfce in 2022)

Software components of LXDE

Unlike other major desktop environments such as GNOME, the components of LXDE have few dependencies and are not tightly integrated. Instead, they can be installed independently of each other or LXDE itself.

Components Descriptions Notes PCMan File Manager File manager and Desktop metaphor provider LXInput Mouse and keyboard configuration tool LXLauncher Easy-mode application launcher LXPanel Desktop panel LXSession X session manager LXAppearance GTK theme switcher GPicView Image viewer LXMusic A frontend for the XMMS2 audio player LXTerminal Terminal emulator LXTerminal can be configured to hide the menu bar and the scrolling bar LXTask Task manager LXRandR A GUI to RandR LXDM X display manager LXNM Lightweight network connection helper daemon. Supports wireless connections (Linux only). Discontinued Leafpad Text editor Not developed by the LXDE project Openbox (Fluxbox, IceWM and Xfwm are also supported) Window manager Not developed by the LXDE project ObConf A GUI tool to configure Openbox Not developed by the LXDE project Xarchiver File archiver Not developed by the LXDE project

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