The Historic composition of the House of Representatives of the Netherlands gives an overview of the composition of the House of Representatives (lower house) of the Dutch parliament. It shows the composition after elections, splits from parties are not included.

1815 to 1887 The House of Representatives of the Netherlands was established in 1815 when the United Kingdom of the Netherlands was created. Initially it consisted of 110 members, elected by the provincial councils. Members served a three-year term, with one third of the seats up for election each year. In 1830, the southern provinces declared their independence in the Belgian Revolution, to become Belgium. Initially the Netherlands did not recognise this, but the 55 seats in the House of Representatives representing these provinces remained vacant, so the de facto membership was reduced to 55 members.Tweede Kamer der Staten-Generaal (1815-1861), Historici.nl After the Treaty of London in 1839, the Dutch government recognised the separation of Belgium, and became the Kingdom of the Netherlands. In 1840 the constitution was changed; all southern provinces except the eastern half of the province of Limburg (with three representatives) had left the Kingdom of the Netherlands, so the size of the House of Representatives was fixed at 58 members.

The Constitutional Reform of 1848 resulted in direct elections to the House of Representatives. Members served a four-year term, with half of the seats up for election every two years.Ontwikkeling Grondwet artikel 85, www.europa-nu.nl The total membership was set at one member for each 45000 Dutch citizens;Ontwikkeling Grondwet artikel 81, www.europa-nu.nl so the house increased to 68 members; in 1859 it grew further to 72 members.

1888-1917 The constitution of 1887 changed the system; election were held every 4 years for all members at the same time, using a district system, and the total membership was set at 100 members.

Party 1888–1891 1891–1894 1894–1897 1897–1901 1901–1905 1905–1909 1909–1913 1913–1917 1917–1918 Conservative 1 RKSP 25 25 25 22 25 25 25 25 24 ARP 27 21 15 17 23 15 25 11 12 VAR 5 7 CHP 7 CHU 10 10 9 BVL 13 8 9 4 10 10 Liberal Union 46 53 57 35 18 25 20 19 21 RB 1 3 4 VDB 9 11 9 7 8 SDAP 2 6 6 7 18 15 SDB 1 Independent Socialist 1 1 1 CHK 1 1 FB 1 1 Independent AR 1 Total 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100

1917-1956: Introduction of proportional representation

For the 1918 election, the constitution was changed: the districts system was abandoned, and proportional representation was used. Party 1918–1922 1922–1925 1925–1929 1929–1933 1933–1937 1937–1945 1946–1948 1948–1952 1952–1956 1956–1959 RKSP 30 32 30 30 28 31 KVP 32 32 30 33 RKVP/KDP 1 1 ARP 13 16 13 12 14 17 13 13 12 10 CHU 7 11 11 11 10 8 8 9 9 8 CDP 1 CDU 1 2 SGP 1 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 HGSP 1 1 1 BVL 4 Liberal Union 6 EB 3 LSP 10 9 8 7 4 VVD 6 8 9 9 VDB 5 5 7 7 6 6 SDAP 22 20 24 24 22 23 PvdA 29 27 30 34 SDP/CPH/CPN 2 2 1 2 4 3 10 8 6 4 RSP/RSAP 1 SP 1 PB 1 2 1 1 1 NSB 4 BCS 1 VDW 1 NP 1 CSP 1 MP 1 LP 1 MPS&L 1 VNH 1 KNP 1 2 Total 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100

1956-2002: Enlargement of the House In 1956 the House of Representatives was enlarged from 100 to 150 members.

1956 7 50 49 15 13 13 3 1959 3 2 48 49 14 12 19 3 1963 4 4 43 50 13 13 16 1 3 3 1967 5 4 37 7 42 15 12 17 1 3 7 1971 6 2 2 39 11 28 35 13 10 16 2 3 1 1972 7 2 7 39 6 1 6 27 14 7 22 2 3 3 1977 2 1 3 53 8 1 49 28 1 3 1 1981 3 3 3 1 47 17 48 262 1 3 1982 3 3 2 44 6 45 362 1 3 1 1986 1 3 52 9 54 27 1 1 3 1989 6 49 12 54 22 12 3 1 1994 2 5 37 24 7 34 31 32 2 3 1998 5 11 45 14 29 38 32 2

Party 1956–1959 1959–1963 1963–1967 1967–1971 1971–1972 1972–1977 1977–1981 1981–1982 1982–1986 1986–1989 1989–1994 1994–1998 1998–2002 KVP 49 49 50 42 35 27 ARP 15 14 13 15 13 14 CHU 13 12 13 12 10 7 CDA 49 48 45 54 54 34 29 PvdA 50 48 43 37 39 43 53 44 47 52 49 37 45 VVD 13 19 16 17 16 22 28 26 36 27 22 31 38 D66 7 11 6 8 17 6 9 12 24 14 SGP 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 GPV 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 RPF 2 2 1 1 3 3 PSP 2 4 4 2 2 1 3 3 1 PPR 2 7 3 3 2 2 CPN 7 3 4 5 6 7 2 3 3 EVP 1 GL 6 5 11 SP 2 5 CD 1 3 CP 1 AOV 6 Unie 55+ 1 DS '70 8 6 1 BP 3 7 1 3 1 RKPN 1 NMP 2 Total 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150

2002-present: Fragmentation

2002 9 10 23 7 2 4 43 24 2 26 2003 9 8 42 6 3 44 28 2 8 2006 2 25 7 33 3 6 41 22 2 9 2010 2 15 10 30 10 5 21 31 2 24 2012 2 15 4 38 12 2 5 13 41 3 15 2017 5 14 14 3 9 19 4 5 19 33 3 20 2 2021 6 9 8 3 3 9 24 1 1 5 15 34 3 1 3 17 8 2023 3 5 25 3 2 9 1 3 5 20 24 3 7 1 37 3 2025 3 3 20 3 1 26 2 3 18 22 3 4 9 26 7

Party 2002–2003 2003–2006 2006–2010 2010–2012 2012–2017 2017–2021 2021–2023 2023–2025 2025–present VVD242822314133342422CDA43444121131915518PvdA234233303899 GL1087104148 GL/PvdA 2520PVV 9241520173726SP9925151514953D6676310121924926CU436555533LPF268 NSC 20PvdD 2225633SGP222233333FvD 2837Denk 3333BBB 17450PLUS 241 2Volt 321JA21 319LN2 BIJ1 1 Total 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150

Notes

See also List of cabinets of the Netherlands List of prime ministers of the Netherlands Historic composition of the Eerste Kamer List of general elections in the Netherlands

References