Hamilton is a village located within the town of Hamilton in Madison County, New York, United States. As of the 2020 census, the village had a population of 4,107. It is the location of Colgate University.

History The area that became the town and village of Hamilton was originally inhabited by members of the Iroquois League, and some of the territory is still considered to be sacred by the Oneida Indian Nation. Following the American Revolution, the area was ceded to the State of New York. Until 1878, Hamilton was an original outpost of the Chenango Canal.

The town of Hamilton was founded near what is now Earlville, and gradually expanded into a wide area populated by farms and settlements.

The family of the brothers Samuel and Elisha Payne had been prominent in Connecticut since before the Revolutionary War, in which they had served, possibly at Fort Stanwix, near what is now Rome, New York. At the close of the Revolutionary War, the pair moved from Lebanon, Connecticut, to the town of Whitestone (now Whitesboro, New York), a few miles from Utica.Williams, 4 - 5. "Middletown had been founded in 1785 and its fertile and inexpensive land attracted many settlers from New England."

In 1794, Samuel Payne moved southwest from Whitestone into the town of Hamilton, where he started a farm on the hill that is today's location of Colgate University.Williams, 5. The foregoing historians do not agree on whether the Paynes moved to the town of Hamilton directly from Connecticut, or, instead, from Whitestone.

In 1795, a year after his brother moved into the town of Hamilton, Elisha Payne did so as well.Hammond, 444 He and others from Whitestone and Connecticut moved to an unsettled area just north of his brother, and that settlement grew to become today's village of Hamilton.Hammond, 448; Williams, 5. Because of Elisha Payne's interest and ability in developing the settlement, it became known as "Payne's Settlement".Williams, 5 He built a barn, the first framed building in the village, and in 1802 he opened a tavern at the intersection of Broad and Lebanon streets, taking the place of an existing tavern that had opened in 1800.Hammond, 431 This became the Park House (hotel), which in 1925 was replaced by the present-day Colgate Inn.Hammond, 433 By 1800, Payne's Settlement had, in addition to log cabins, five framed buildings and a nearby sawmill. By 1806 much of the land surrounding the settlement had been cleared and replaced by orchards and farms.Hammond, 432 Salt was the accepted form of currency in the settlement.

Payne's Settlement experienced a financial boom from 1800 through the War of 1812 due to extensive crop exports to Europe and to the high prices obtained for provisions in New York during the war.Williams, 6 Serving as the trading center, the settlement naturally prospered when farmers received higher prices. In addition, the 1808 opening of the Skaneateles Turnpike, which connected the village to western New York, probably contributed to the favorable economic climate.Williams, 7

From the beginning, Payne's Settlement and the other settlements within the town of Hamilton strongly competed to be the principal location for development. Due to the advantages of its location, the balance of power shifted toward Payne's Settlement, and in 1812 the settlement obtained a charter incorporating the Village of Hamilton.

Early commerce in the village included groceries, blacksmiths, book sellers, furniture and carriage makers, feed stores, quarries and lumber mills.History of Hamilton The village's first newspaper, the Hamilton Recorder, was started in 1817. The Chenango Canal (1834–1878) passed through the west side of the village alongside what is now the Barge Canal Cafe, providing another connection between the Erie Canal, Midwest grain farms and East Coast markets. Agriculture in the surrounding area initially emphasized hops,By the mid-1850s, upstate New York had attained national leadership in hop cultivation, raising over 3 million pounds annually. The major producing counties included Madison County. By the Civil War, nearly 90 percent of the total hop production nationally was raised in New York. which gave way after the Civil War to dairy farming.

Colgate University was founded in the village in 1819. Today, Colgate's campus is located on what was Samuel Payne's farm. In 1827, the farm, valued at $4,000 , covering , was donated by Payne and his wife to the Baptist Theological Society as the new location of the Society's Theological Institution, known as the Hamilton Literary and Theological Institution, which later became Colgate.Hammond, 445 In 1846, the name of Hamilton Literary and Theological Institution was changed to Madison University. The year 1890 brought about the change in the university's name to Colgate University, in honor of the involvement and financial support of the Colgate family over many years.

In 1903, John Vincent Atanasoff, creator of the first digital electronic computer, was born in Hamilton.

Much of the historic core of the village is part of the Hamilton Village Historic District, which became listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984. Many of the buildings in today's village date from 1895, the year of "the great fire" which destroyed much of the village.Elisha Payne's house (c. 1802) survived the fire and is still located at 35 Payne Street, close to the Colgate Inn. A realtor's web site displays a video tour of the extensively remodeled home. Many of those buildings were rebuilt in the same year, with "1895" on their facades.

The 2017 movie Pottersville starring Michael Shannon and Judy Greer was filmed here.

Also listed on the National Register of Historic Places are the Old Biology Hall (today called Hascall Hall) on Colgate University's campus, Adon Smith House, and United States Post Office.

Geography and climate The village, located at (42.825646, −75.544673), lies in the Chenango Valley, just south of the headwaters of the Chenango River, part of the Susquehanna River watershed. Most of the village is in the northwest corner of the town of Hamilton, but the village limits extend north into the towns of Madison and Eaton. New York State Route 12B passes through the village on Broad Street and Utica Street, leading north to the village of Madison and south to Sherburne. The village is approximately southeast of Syracuse and southwest of Utica.

Northeast of Hamilton is Payne Brook, which starts at Lake Moraine and travels through the village before converging with the Chenango River. The elevation of the village's municipal airport (Hamilton Municipal Airport) is approximately above sea level.

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the village's total area is , of which are land and , or 7.15%, are water.

Snowfall is the most notable aspect of the area's climate, which is typical of central Upstate New York in the vicinity of Syracuse. Snowfall produced by lake-effect snow from Lake Erie and Lake Ontario usually extends into the Mohawk Valley and often inland as far as the southern Finger Lakes and the nearby southern tier of counties; with snowfall, at a minimum, in the range of per season. Heavy snow falls frequently occur, generating from of snow and occasionally or more.The Climate of New York The village's average seasonal snowfall is approximately .

Government The village is governed by a board of trustees. It consists of the mayor, who is presiding officer, and four trustees. The mayor and trustees are elected at the annual village election in June for staggered terms of two-years.

The mayor exercises the executive function and is assisted by the Village Administrator, the Clerk/Treasurer, and the Director of Utilities and Public Works. The board of trustees is the legislative body. It enacts local laws, adopts the budget, and exercises oversight over the Village departments, boards, commissions and committees. Trustees are assigned by the mayor specific oversight and liaison responsibilities. The mayor appoints all public officers and volunteer members of boards, commissions and committees with the approval of the board of trustees. In addition to the elected officials and professional officers, the governance of the village rests in the hands of about fifty volunteers who serve by appointment on ten boards, commissions, and committees. The mayor is an ex officio member of every village body. Every trustee serves a liaison on one or more of the bodies.Village of Hamilton, Government Info

The 2009–2010 annual budget of the village is approximately 5.7 million dollars.

The Village CourtThere are close to 1,300 Town and Village Courts (collectively known as the Justice Courts) located in most of New York State's town and villages. None are located in New York City. Town and Village Courts hear actions seeking monetary awards up to $3,000 and small claims proceedings for awards up to $3,000. These courts also handle landlord/tenant matters that may result in an eviction as well as a money judgment for back rent that is due. Town and Village Courts are best known for their small claims parts. On the criminal side, these courts are authorized to handle matters involving the prosecution of misdemeanors and violations that are committed within the town's or village's geographic boundaries. is independent of village government. The Village Judge is elected by the voters for a four-year term.

The village and all of Madison County are within the NY 22nd Congressional District.

Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 3,509 people, 707 households, and 320 families residing in the village. The population density was . There were 785 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the village was 90.85% White, 2.91% Black or African American, 0.09% Native American, 3.70% Asian, 0.06% Pacific Islander, 0.46% from other races, and 1.94% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.28% of the population.

There were 707 households, out of which 21.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 37.6% were married couples living together, 6.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 54.6% were non-families. 41.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 19.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.13 and the average family size was 2.92.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 8.6% under the age of 18, 62.6% from 18 to 24, 10.0% from 25 to 44, 9.3% from 45 to 64, and 9.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 21 years. For every 100 females, there were 83.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 81.7 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $36,583, and the median income for a family was $68,864. Males had a median income of $41,000 versus $33,750 for females. The per capita income for the village was $13,203. About 3.1% of families and 18.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 8.2% of those under age 18 and 7.2% of those age 65 or over.

Education The school district is Hamilton Central School District. - Text list The Hamilton Central School, located on a site off West Kendrick Avenue, is a K–12 educational facility for the village and surrounding town and the communities of Eaton, Madison, Lebanon, and Brookfield.

Almost all of the land of Colgate University is in Hamilton Village.

Relationship with Colgate Colgate is the largest economic influence in the village: with a population of over 4,000, the village's population is just slightly larger than the size of Colgate's student body, which is just under 3,000. Approximately 85 percent of the university's faculty members live within 10 minutes of campus.